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Yogita Ingle 7 years, 5 months ago
The amount of energy produced in the form of heat as result of combustion of complete combustion of 1Kg of fuel is known as calorific value of fuel expressed in unit called kilojoule per Kg (kJ/Kg). Coal is responsible for 41% of world’s electricity generation. The overall efficiency of a coal power plant is 32% to 42%.
Posted by Yash Gupta 7 years, 5 months ago
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Meghna Thapar 5 years, 7 months ago
Destructive energy of an earthquake is measured on the Richter scale. It has readings from 1 to 10. Reading of 3 can be recorded by the a seismograph. Reading of 3 can't cause much damage. There are two primary scales used to measure earthquakes: the Richter scale and the Mercalli scale. The Richter scale is most common in the United States, while worldwide, scientists rely on the Mercalli scale. The moment magnitude scale is another earthquake measurement scale used by some seismologists.
Posted by Mayank Kumar 7 years, 5 months ago
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Yogita Ingle 7 years, 5 months ago
Global Warming is the increase in Earth's mean surface temperature because of the effect of greenhouse gases. These gases absorb long wave radiations and warm the atmosphere, and this process is called as Greenhouse effect.
Effects of Greenhouse Gases (GHGs) on Global Warming
1. Carbon dioxide is the GHG which is present in the largest concentration in the atmosphere. Its emission chiefly comes from fossil fuel combustion. It is showing a rise of about 0.5% per annum.
2. Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) are produced due to anthropogenic activity. Ozone is present in the stratosphere where ultraviolet (UV) radiations convert oxygen into ozone. Hence, the UV rays do not reach the Earth’s surface. The CFCs which goes into the stratosphere destroys the ozone, which is evidently seen over Antarctica. The reduction of ozone concentration in the stratosphere is known as the ozone hole. This permits the UV rays to pass through the troposphere.
3. Nitrous oxide is naturally produced by oceans and rainforests. Man-made sources of nitrous oxide include nylon and nitric acid production, the use of fertilisers in agriculture, cars with catalytic converters and the burning of organic matter.
4. Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) are used as refrigerants, especially after the ozone-destroying CFCs had been under the Montreal Protocol.
5. Perfluorocarbons (PFCs): Emitted as a result of production of flourites, they have an atmospheric lifetime of more than 1,000 years.
6. Sulphur hexafluoride (SF6): The most powerful greenhouse gas yet discovered, it is emitted as result of production of flourites.
Impacts of Global Warming
1. Rising Sea level: Flooding of fresh water marshlands, low-lying cities, and islands with marine water is one of the major effects of global warming.
2. Changes in rainfall patterns: In some areas, droughts and fires happen, whereas in other areas, flooding takes place. This all is due to changes in rainfall pattern.
3. Melting of the ice peaks: Due to melting of the ice peaks, there is loss of habitat near the poles. Now the polar bears are considered to be greatly endangered by the shortening of their feeding season because of declining ice packs.
4. Melting glaciers: There is a significant melting of old glaciers.
5. Spread of disease: There is spread of diseases like malaria due to migration to newer and currently warmer regions.
6. Thinning of Coral Reefs due to warming seas as well as acidification because of carbonic acid formation: Almost one-third of coral reefs are now severely damaged by warming seas.
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Sonali Aggarwal 7 years, 5 months ago
It is easier to have sharp needle in stitching because in case of needle surface area decreases and force applied increase which lead to increase in pressure and is easy to pierce the cloth.
Posted by Ramesh Pawar 7 years, 5 months ago
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Sonali Aggarwal 7 years, 5 months ago
An antigenic substance prepared from the causative agent of a disease or a synthetic substitute, used to provide immunity against one or several diseases.
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Meghna Thapar 5 years, 7 months ago
The first rising (proofing) improves the flavour and texture of bread. From the yeast's fermentation, it takes time to accumulate a volume of carbon dioxide gas during the risings, strong enough to stretch a bread dough and to hold it high. Proofing, also sometimes called final fermentation, is the specific term for allowing dough to rise after it has been shaped and before it is baked.
Posted by Ganesh Ganesh Babu 7 years, 5 months ago
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Meghna Thapar 5 years, 7 months ago
Plastics are non-corrosive in nature, they do not react even if they come in contact with strong chemicals. For example, the cleaning chemicals that we use at home are stored in plastic bottles, instead of metal containers. Following examples show that plastics are non-corrosive in nature : (i) They are used to store chemicals. For example cleansing chemical are very reactive and store in plastic bottle. (ii) They are used to store all types of food, as it does not react to materials stored in it.
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Aman Aman 7 years, 5 months ago
1Thank You