Meridians and parallels are imaginary lines running across the globe. They have been formulated to help locate places on Earth. In the absence of these imaginary lines, it would be near impossible to pinpoint regions. 

But along with all the other animals who do have bones - fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals – we have a skeleton, because it helps us to survive and to live active and healthy lives. And our bones help us do this in many different ways. First, our bones protect our insides

Prejudice means to judge people negatively or see them as inferiors. We fit a large number of people into a single image to create social stereotypes. Stereotypes are misleading.

Girls were not expected to be tough but now they work in army and police. Boys are believed to be tough, while they too can they feel pain as much as a woman and cry.

Children who can’t walk, speak, see or hear are children with special needs. Children with special needs are often presumed to be dumb. However, Stephen Hawkings and Satish Gujral are examples of people with special needs who made a mark in their field.

Stereotypes stop us from looking each individual’s unique qualities and skills. It is neither accurate nor fair to believe in prejudices and stereotypes. 

Uses of Stone Tools:

• For cutting meat and bones.
• For scraping bark (from trees) and hide (from animals).
• For chopping fruits and roots.
• Some tools were attached to handles; made of wood or bone; to be used as axe or hammer

The moon does not have the essential life supporting conditions.

Explanation:

• Its fascinating to imagine life on moon and watching other celestial bodies from close but there is no evident of life on it and over many researches and visits arranged by our intelligent it is concluded that it lacks the essential life supporting conditions.
• The atmosphere over moon is negligible or is weak which is the basic life supporting essentials to survive followed by air conditions(no air)that are inadequate to support any life forms.No suitable temperature is available to make life forms exist.
• There is no evidence of water on moon which lay down the foremost essential of life and without it no one can imagine life on.
• Moon's tilted position and rotational speed is also one of few factor that has made life unfavourable to hold on its surface.

24

Rotation is the movement of the earth on its axis. The earth takes about 24 hours to complete one rotation on its axis. The period of rotation is known as the earth day. This is the daily motion of the earth.

The ordinary men and women did not keep a record of what they did because they did not know how to read and write.  

They weren't doing any notable works. They are living their ordinary life also they didn't know about reading and writing.

Since Ladakh is a part of strategically important Jammu and Kashmir, the Indian military maintains a strong presence in the region. The largest town in Ladakh is Leh, followed by Kargil. Almost half of Ladakhis are Shia Muslims and the rest are mostly Tibetan Buddhists.

The word agriculture is derived from a Latin word- ager or agri meaning soil, and ‘culture’ meaning cultivation of the soil. In modern terms, agriculture comprises “the art and science of cultivating the soil, growing crops and rearing livestock.”

The Neolithic Age saw the man turning into food producer from food gatherer. It also witnessed the use of pottery for the first time. People used microlithic blades in addition to tools made of polished stone. The use of metal was unknown.

1. Agriculture: The people of Neolithic Age cultivated ragi, horse gram, cotton, rice, wheat, and barley and hence were termed as food producers. They domesticated cattle, sheep, and goats.

2. Tools: The people used microlithic blades in addition to tools made of polished stones. They used stone hoes and digging sticks for digging the ground. The ring stones of 1-1/2 kg of weight were fixed at the ends of these digging sticks. They also used tools and weapons made of bone; found in Burzahom (Kashmir) and Chirand (Bihar).

3. Weapons: The people primarily used axes as weapons. The North-western part of Neolithic settlement used rectangular axes having curved cutting edge. The Southern part used axes with oval sides and pointed butt while polished stone axes with rectangular butt and shouldered hoes were use in the north-eastern part.

4. Housing: The people of Neolithic Age lived in rectangular or circular houses which were made of mud and reed. The people of Mehrgarh lived in mud-brick houses while pit-dwelling is reported from Burzahom, the Neolithic site found

Characteristics of Neolithic Age

The Neolithic Age saw the man turning into food producer from food gatherer. It also witnessed the use of pottery for the first time. People used microlithic blades in addition to tools made of polished stone. The use of metal was unknown.

1. Agriculture: The people of Neolithic Age cultivated ragi, horse gram, cotton, rice, wheat, and barley and hence were termed as food producers. They domesticated cattle, sheep, and goats.

2. Tools: The people used microlithic blades in addition to tools made of polished stones. They used stone hoes and digging sticks for digging the ground. The ring stones of 1-1/2 kg of weight were fixed at the ends of these digging sticks. They also used tools and weapons made of bone; found in Burzahom (Kashmir) and Chirand (Bihar).

3. Weapons: The people primarily used axes as weapons. The North-western part of Neolithic settlement used rectangular axes having curved cutting edge. The Southern part used axes with oval sides and pointed butt while polished stone axes with rectangular butt and shouldered hoes were use in the north-eastern part.

4. Housing: The people of Neolithic Age lived in rectangular or circular houses which were made of mud and reed. The people of Mehrgarh lived in mud-brick houses while pit-dwelling is reported from Burzahom, the Neolithic site found in Kashmir.

5. Pottery: With the advent of Agriculture, people were required to store their food grains as well as to do cooking, arrange for drinking water, and eating the finished product. That’s why pottery first appeared in the Neolithic Age. The pottery of the period was classified under grey ware, black-burnished ware, and mat-impressed ware.

6. Architecture: The Neolithic Age is significant for its Megalithic Architecture.

7. Technology: In the initial stage of the Neolithic Age, hand-made pottery was made but later on the foot-wheels were used to make pots.

8. Community Life: Neolithic people had common right over property. They led a settled life.

These are the lines joining the North and South Poles; they help in locating places in the east and west directions

The Great Bath—a rectangular structure which resembled a swimming pool—was an important structure at Mohenjodaro. It was a large complex with six entrances, a central bathing pool, dressing rooms on all sides and an adjacent well. Steps lead to the bottom of the pool from two sides. Water from an adjacent well was used to fill the pool with fresh water, and an outlet in the corner was used to drain dirty water. It was made up of baked bricks and was made watertight with a layer of bitumen or natural tar. The Great Bath was perhaps used by important people on special occasions.

Mohenjo-daro, meaning ‘Mound of the Dead Men’ is an archaeological site and ancient city complex located west of the Indus River in Larkana District, Sindh, Pakistan.

The Harappan civilisation extended from Baluchistan and Sindh (present-day Pakistan) to Gujarat, Rajasthan, Haryana, Punjab and parts of western Uttar Pradesh. The civilisation approximately covered about 1,300,000 sq km. The cradle of this civilisation nested on the banks of the Indus river. 

Rig Veda - It is the oldest veda. It is divided into 10 mandals and contains 1028 hymns. These hymns are in praise of Gods and Goddesses, like Indra, Varun, Agni, Abha, etc. These hymns are composed in Vedic Sanskrit.

The rich heritage of diversity in India adds variety to our life and enriches our lives in many ways:

• Diversity teaches us to be open-minded and tolerant  as we learn many things from each other and share our experiences.
• We celebrate different festivals together and learn different languages, cultures etc. This kind of diversity helps us evolve as better human beings because we respect people with different religious beliefs, viewpoints, tastes, customs, and cultures.
• However, we stand together as Indians despite all these cultural differences. We share the same national symbols, virtues and feelings. A sense of friendship and unity develops and it brings harmony and prosperity.

• This life is full of desires. Once a desire is fulfilled, we crave for more. This marks the beginning of an unending cycle of cravings and desires. According to Buddha; this is called thirst or ‘tanha’.
• Life is a suffering because of endless cycle of cravings and desires.
• This cycle can be removed by following moderation in everything we do.
• One should be kind to others; including animals.
• The results of our actions (karma); whether good or bad; affect us in this life and also in the afterlife.

• This life is full of desires. Once a desire is fulfilled, we crave for more. This marks the beginning of an unending cycle of cravings and desires. According to Buddha; this is called thirst or ‘tanha’.
• Life is a suffering because of endless cycle of cravings and desires.
• This cycle can be removed by following moderation in everything we do.
• One should be kind to others; including animals.
• The results of our actions (karma); whether good or bad; affect us in this life and also in the afterlife.

The four river valley civilizations were the Tigris & Euphrates Valleys, the Nile River Valley, the Indus River Valley, and the Yellow River Valley. Civilizations developed around rivers because their waters provided places to hunt and fish. Also, as the rivers flooded, the lands around them became fertile.

A chemical fertiliser is a salt or an organic compound containing the necessary plant nutrient like nitrogen,phosphorus or potassium to make the soil more fertile. For Ex:Urea,ammonium sulphate,superphosphate,potash,NPK. Advantages of using Fertilisers 1)They provide quick replenishment of plant nutrients in the soil and restores soil fertility. 2)They are easily absorbed by the plants. 3)They are easy to transport,store and handle because they come in bags. 4)The use of fertilisers has helped the farmers to get better yields of crops such as wheat,maize,rice.

Different festivals which are celebrated in my locality are; Holi, Diwali, Eid, Christmas, Rath Yatra, Chhath, Guru Parb, etc. Holi and Diwali are Hindu festivals which are celebrated all over India. In my locality, my Muslim and Christian friends also participate in these festivals. Similarly, Hindus and Sikhs also participate in Christmas and Eid. I have seen most of my Hindu friends wearing the Santa Clause cap during Christmas. Rath Yatra is mainly celebrated in Orissa. But in my locality, when people from Orissa take out the procession; everyone from the neighbourhood participate in that. Chhath is mainly celebrated in Bihar and Eastern UP. But in my locality, most of the people throng the venue of Chhath Puja.

• Vending, hair-cutting, shoe-repairing, flower-selling etc. 
• Singing and dancing events on the streets, there are fairs that are organized on the streets, some services are offered on the street as well, such as shoe polishing.
• In addition, icecream selling is another activity that takes place.