Haloalkanes: Nomenclature, nature of C–X bond, physical and chemical properties, mechanism of substitution reactions, optical rotation. Haloarenes: Nature of C–X bond, substitution reactions (Directive influence of halogen in monosubstituted compounds only). Uses and environmental effects of - dichloromethane, trichloromethane, tetrachloromethane, iodoform, freons, DDT.