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The falling of a body from a height towards the earth under its gravitational force is called free fall. So, whenever objects fall towards the earth under this force alone, we say that the objects are in free fall. While falling, there is no change in the direction of motion of the objects. But due to the earth’s attraction, there will be a change in the magnitude of the velocity. Any change in velocity involves acceleration. Whenever an object falls towards the earth, acceleration is involved. This acceleration is due to the earth’s gravitational force. Therefore, this acceleration is called the acceleration due to the gravitational force of the earth (or acceleration due to gravity). It is denoted by g. The unit of g is, m s^–2.

According to the second law of motion, force is the product of mass and acceleration. Suppose the mass of the stone be m. The acceleration involved in falling objects due to the gravitational force and is denoted by g.