Explain the major social changes take …

With the beginning of the Later Vedic Age the social life of the Indians underwent some major changes (particularly in north India). These changes continued taken place even after Later Vedic Age about 400 A.D.
(i) The most important of these changes was that Varna system was fully established during this period (400 B.C. to 400 A.D.) The Brahmanas were the supreme in this four-fold divisions of the society. Earlier they were just-one by the system categories of priest. But now they became synonymous with the total priesthood.
(ii) The sacrificing tradition was perpetuated by the Varna (The Brahmanas). It is speculated the priest of non-Aryan origin were also taken into-the-Brahmanas Varna.
(iii) Kshatriyas were second in social hierarchy or ranks. They were warrior class who ruled over society or state and protected the poeple. It may be said that Rajan in earlier period became Kshatriya in Later Vedic Age or earlier epic age.
(iv) Some of the historians declare that in Mahabharata age the relationship that existed that Brahmanas and the Kshatriyas were not cordial. There were instances of tensions and conflicts among them on the question of supremacy in society. At the same time stress was laid on the close co-operation between the two to maintain order and kept other Varnas subordination.
(v) The third social rank was given to Vaishyas. They engaged themselves in productive activities such as agriculture, different crafts and trade. They paid tribute to Kshatriyas and Dan (donation) to Brahmanas.
(vi) The common social roots of these three Varnas are reflected in the fact that they were entitled to put on sacred thread and were called twice-born (Dvij).