How is bleaching powder, baking soda …

Preparation of washing soda: Washing soda is synthesized through Solvay’s process. Solvay’s process involves the reaction of sodium chloride, ammonia and carbon dioxide in water. Carbon dioxide involved is produced through calcium carbonate and the calcium oxide left is used in recovering ammonia from ammonium chloride. At first, sodium bicarbonate is obtained which is then converted to sodium carbonate on heating. Finally, washing soda is produced by recrystallization of sodium carbonate.
NaCl + NH₃ + CO₂ + H₂O → NaHCO₃ + NH4Cl
2 NaHCO₃ → Na₂CO₃ + H₂O + CO₂
Na₂CO₃ + 10H₂O → Na₂CO₃.10H₂O
Preparation of baking soda: Baking soda is synthesized through Solvay’s process. Solvay’s process involves the reaction of sodium chloride, ammonia and carbon dioxide in water. The carbon dioxide involved is produced through calcium carbonate and the calcium oxide left is used in recovering ammonia from ammonium chloride. Finally, sodium bicarbonate is produced as one of the end products.

NaCl + H₂O + CO₂ + NH₃  → NH₄Cl + NaHCO₃
Preparation Bleaching Powder : It is calcium oxy chloride.
The chemical formula of bleaching powder is CaOCl₂
Ca(OH)₂ + Cl₂ → CaOCl₂ + H₂O
It is prepared by passing chlorine gas over dry slaked lime.