{"id":9931,"date":"2018-02-14T16:16:54","date_gmt":"2018-02-14T10:46:54","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/?p=9931"},"modified":"2018-03-16T11:55:52","modified_gmt":"2018-03-16T06:25:52","slug":"pattern-social-inequality-exclusion-class-12-notes-sociology","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/pattern-social-inequality-exclusion-class-12-notes-sociology\/","title":{"rendered":"Pattern of Social Inequality and Exclusion class 12 Notes Sociology"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_76 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 eztoc-toggle-hide-by-default' ><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-2' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/pattern-social-inequality-exclusion-class-12-notes-sociology\/#CBSE_Guide_Pattern_of_Social_Inequality_and_Exclusion_class_12_Notes_Sociology\" >CBSE Guide Pattern of Social Inequality and Exclusion class 12 Notes Sociology<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/pattern-social-inequality-exclusion-class-12-notes-sociology\/#12_Sociology_notes_Chapter_5_Pattern_of_Social_Inequality_and_Exclusion\" >12 Sociology notes Chapter 5 Pattern of Social Inequality and Exclusion<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/pattern-social-inequality-exclusion-class-12-notes-sociology\/#Download_Revision_Notes_as_PDF\" >Download Revision Notes as PDF<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-2' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/pattern-social-inequality-exclusion-class-12-notes-sociology\/#Pattern_of_Social_Inequality_and_Exclusion_class_12_Notes_Sociology\" >Pattern of Social Inequality and Exclusion class 12 Notes Sociology<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/pattern-social-inequality-exclusion-class-12-notes-sociology\/#CBSE_Class-12_Revision_Notes_and_Key_Points\" >CBSE Class-12 Revision Notes and Key Points<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<p>CBSE class 12 Sociology Pattern of Social Inequality and Exclusion class 12 Notes Sociology in PDF are available for free download in myCBSEguide mobile app. The best app for CBSE students now provides Pattern of Social Inequality and Exclusion class 12 Notes Sociology latest chapter wise notes for quick preparation of CBSE board exams and school based annual examinations. Class 12 Sociology notes on chapter 5 Pattern of Social Inequality and Exclusion are also available for download in CBSE Guide website.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"CBSE_Guide_Pattern_of_Social_Inequality_and_Exclusion_class_12_Notes_Sociology\"><\/span><strong>CBSE Guide Pattern of Social Inequality and Exclusion class 12 Notes Sociology<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>CBSE guide notes are the comprehensive notes which covers the latest syllabus of CBSE and NCERT. It includes all the topics given in NCERT class 12 Sociology text book. Users can download CBSE guide quick revision notes from myCBSEguide mobile app and my CBSE guide website.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"12_Sociology_notes_Chapter_5_Pattern_of_Social_Inequality_and_Exclusion\"><\/span><strong>12 Sociology notes Chapter 5 Pattern of Social Inequality and Exclusion<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Download CBSE class 12th revision notes for chapter 5 Pattern of Social Inequality and Exclusion in PDF format for free. Download revision notes for Pattern of Social Inequality and Exclusion class 12 Notes and score high in exams. These are the Pattern of Social Inequality and Exclusion class 12 Notes Sociology prepared by team of expert teachers. The revision notes help you revise the whole chapter 5 in minutes. Revision notes in exam days is one of the best tips recommended by teachers during exam days.<\/p>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Download_Revision_Notes_as_PDF\"><\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/downloads\/cbse-class-12-sociology\/1881\/cbse-revision-notes\/7\/\">Download Revision Notes as PDF<\/a><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><strong>CBSE Class 12 Sociology<br \/>\nRevision Notes<br \/>\nChapter-5<br \/>\nPattern of Social Inequality and Exclusion class 12 Notes Sociology<br \/>\n<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Facts That Matter<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Social inequality<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Social inequality and exclusion are facts of life.<\/li>\n<li>The everydayness of social inequality and exclusion often make them appear inevitable, almost natural.<\/li>\n<li>We often think of them as being \u2018deserved\u2019 or \u2018justified\u2019 in some sense.<\/li>\n<li>Life chances and opportunities are not equally available to everyone. They are less for the suppressed castes.<\/li>\n<li>Patterns of unequal access to social resources are commonly called social inequality.<\/li>\n<li>Some social inequality reflects innate differences between individuals for example, their varying abilities and efforts.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Social inequality is social because:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>They are not about individuals but about groups.<\/li>\n<li>Second, they are social in the sense that they are not economic, although there is usually a strong link between social and economic inequality.<\/li>\n<li>Third, they are systematic and structured \u2013 there is a definite pattern to social inequalities.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Social resources<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>In every society, some people have a greater share of valued resources \u2013 money, property, education, health, and power \u2013 than others.<\/li>\n<li>These social resources can be divided into three forms of capital<\/li>\n<li>Economic capital in the form of material assets and income<\/li>\n<li>Cultural capital such as educational qualifications and status.<\/li>\n<li>Social capital in the form of networks of contacts and social associations.<\/li>\n<li>Often, these three forms of capital overlap and one can be converted into the other. For example, a person from a well-off family (economic capital) can afford expensive higher education, and so can acquire cultural or educational capital. Someone with influential relatives and friends (social capital) may \u2013 through access to good advice, recommendations or information \u2013 manage to get a well-paid job.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Social stratification<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Sociologists use the term social stratification to refer to a system by which categories of people in a society are ranked in a hierarchy.<\/li>\n<li>This hierarchy shapes people\u2019s identity and experiences, their relations with others, as well as their access to resources and opportunities.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Three Key principles to explain social stratification<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Social stratification is a characteristic of society, not simply a function of individual differences. Social stratification is a society-wide system that unequally distributes social resources among categories of people.<\/li>\n<li>Social stratification persists over generations. It is closely linked to the family and to the inheritance of social resources from one generation to the next. A person\u2019s social position is ascribed. The ascribed aspect of social inequality is reinforced by the practice of endogamy. That is, marriage is usually restricted to members of the same caste, ruling out the potential for blurring caste lines through inter-marriage.<\/li>\n<li>Social stratification is supported by patterns of belief, or ideology. No system of social stratification is likely to persist over generations unless it is widely viewed as being either fair or inevitable. The caste system, for example, is justified in terms of the opposition of purity and pollution, with the Brahmins designated as the most superior and Dalits as the most inferior by virtue of their birth and occupation.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>People face discrimination because:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Due to their gender, religion, ethnicity, language, caste and disability.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Prejudices<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Pre conceived notion\/pre judgment<\/li>\n<li>Mostly negative<\/li>\n<li>An opinion formed in advance of any familiarity with the subject, before considering any available evidence<\/li>\n<li>Often based on hearsay rather than on direct evidence, and are resistant to change even in the face of new information.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Stereotypes<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Grounded on prejudices<\/li>\n<li>Fixed and inflexible characterisation of people<\/li>\n<li>Often applied to ethnic and racial groups and to women.<\/li>\n<li>A whole group is considered homogeneous e.g. Rajputs are supposed to be courageous, girls are emotional, boys don&#8217;t cry.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Discrimination <\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The way you treat people differently in reality<\/li>\n<li>Disqualify members of on group from opportunities open to others, as when a person is refused a job because of their gender or religion.<\/li>\n<li>Can be very hard to prove because it may not be open or explicitly stated.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Social Exclusion <\/strong><br \/>\n\u2022 You are isolating them and exclude them from your group.<br \/>\n\u2022 When the people who are excluded are not given the opportunities which are given to others; (except their basic food, clothes and shelter) like medical, educational and naturalistic comforts.<br \/>\n\u2022 It is not accidental, it is systematic.<br \/>\n\u2022 It is openly done.<br \/>\n\u2022 It is involuntary, the ones who are excluded don&#8217;t want to be excluded but we exclude them.<br \/>\n\u2022 After centuries, some people who are excluded lean either to ignore or they protest.<br \/>\n\u2022 Dalits came up with 2 things.<br \/>\n\u2022 They started making their own associations.<br \/>\n\u2022 They converted their religion (Muslims and Christians i.e., Islamisation)<br \/>\n\u2022 People excluded once the years are still excluded but the issues are changing.<br \/>\n\u2022 To bring about change, the mindset of the people has to change.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Caste System as a Discriminatory System <\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Correlation between Social Status and Economic Status <\/strong><br \/>\n\u2022 There is a very close relation between class and caste.<br \/>\n\u2022 The members of the upper caste have better life chances and opportunities to use the resources.<br \/>\n\u2022 Now it is changing, people from Shudra community are occupying higher positions and vice versa e.g. K.R. Narayanan-Ex-President who was from a Dalit community. Mira Kumar-Ex-Speaker of the Parliament.<\/p>\n<p>\u2022 But it is at a micro level in urban areas where Brahmins are peons, clerks while Dalits are doctors and are educated.<br \/>\n\u2022 The mindset of the people has not changed, so it is not prevalent at the micro level.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media-mycbseguide.s3.amazonaws.com\/images\/static\/impq\/12\/sociology\/ch05\/ch05_1.PNG\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<p>(a) <strong>Exclusion:<\/strong> The untouchables went through the worst type of exclusion. They were not given opportunities like others and were excluded from the smallest things and they<br \/>\nwere excluded from everything.<br \/>\ne.g. They weren&#8217;t allowed to take water from the wells, pumps or lakes that the Brahmins used. They weren&#8217;t allowed to take part in festivals rituals and ceremonies that other would participate in. They had to have a bath with the buffaloes and cows.<br \/>\n(b) <strong>Exploitation: <\/strong>They were given very low salaries and low grade jobs (washing the bathroom, wetting the roads, cremations).<br \/>\nThey were given jobs which no one wanted to do and were not paid. They were treated in an inhuman manners and were taken advantage of.<br \/>\n(c) <strong>Humiliation: <\/strong>They were not allowed to wear bright clothes full of colour, could not use the same roads, which Brahmins use, had to walk with their heads bowed down while a Brahmin walked by, couldn&#8217;t &#8216;walk with their chappals in front of Brahmins so they<br \/>\nwould hold it in their hands.<br \/>\nThey would clean up dead bodies and the cremation and were only included to play the<br \/>\ndrums from a far off distance.<br \/>\n(d) <strong>Subordination: <\/strong>They were below the upper caste and the Brahmins were suppressed.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Provisions by the Government for SC and ST <\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Reservation <\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media-mycbseguide.s3.amazonaws.com\/images\/static\/impq\/12\/sociology\/ch05\/ch05_2.PNG\" alt=\"\" \/><\/strong><br \/>\n\u2022 Laws, Policies, Amendments, Welfare programmes.<br \/>\n\u2022 They are meant for those who are socially and economically backward as they don&#8217;t have life chances and opportunities which they should have.<br \/>\n\u2022 The government reserves seats for the SC&#8217;s and ST&#8217;s and no one else can take those seats from the upper caste.<br \/>\n\u2022 They are reserved in educational institutions, jobs, parliament. They have a lot of provisions like age relaxation and low marks for selection.<br \/>\n<strong>Laws <\/strong><br \/>\n\u2022 You have to follow the laws.<br \/>\n\u2022 It is a legal framework, not like norms.<\/p>\n<p>\u2022 Brahmins were the only educated people and the British needed the Brahmins support.<br \/>\n\u2022 Laws were made about caste but implementation was poor.<br \/>\n1. <strong>Caste disability Removal Act-1850:<\/strong> Introduced because they wanted the lower caste to get into educational institution so that they could study and educate themselves.<br \/>\n2. <strong>Abolition of Untouchability-Article 17: <\/strong>If practiced, punishable by law.<br \/>\n3. <strong>Prevention of Atrocities Act-1889: <\/strong>The acts, the Brahmins carried out on the lower castes e.g. beating them, not letting them wear bright colours, washing streets, etc.<br \/>\n4. <strong> Constitutional Amendment Act-2005: <\/strong>The 93rd amendment. It is to do with education and no one can be devoid of education.<br \/>\nThey are still socially, economically and culturally backward.<br \/>\nThere are social organisation, associations and political parties and social movements fighting for these classes.<br \/>\n1. Satyashodhak Samaj (Truth Seekers Society) mainly for Dalits and women by Jyotiba Phule.<br \/>\n2. Brahma Samaj]- Raja Rammohun Roy<br \/>\n3. Arya Samaj-Dayanand Saraswati<br \/>\n4. Dalit Sangharsh Samiti<br \/>\n5. Bahujan Samaj Party<br \/>\n6. BSP-Kanchuians<br \/>\n7. Dalit Panther Movement in 1970&#8217;s<br \/>\n<strong>Other Backward Classes (OBCs) <\/strong><br \/>\n\u2022 Those groups of the forward caste who are economically backward.<br \/>\n\u2022 These people are very poor and are treated like the Dalits but there is no untouchability.<br \/>\n\u2022 Reservations are provided to them since they are illiterate, uneducated and are given the same jobs as the Dalits.<br \/>\n<strong>Kaka Kelelkar Commission <\/strong><br \/>\n\u2022 Set up to go to different villages to decide which caste\/subcaste should be given the status of OBC.<br \/>\n<strong>Mandal Commission <\/strong><br \/>\n\u2022 Large issue in late 80&#8217;s and 90&#8217;s.<br \/>\n\u2022 V.P. Singh gave reservation in some states but not in other states.<br \/>\n\u2022 This led to protests by other people.<br \/>\n<strong>Politics of OBC <\/strong><br \/>\n\u2022 Politicians promise reservation for the OBC&#8217;s only to expand their vote bank.<br \/>\n\u2022 Those OBC&#8217;s that are better off than the other OBC&#8217;s are upper OBC&#8217;s.<br \/>\n\u2022 The lowest category is equal to the Dalits.<br \/>\n<strong>Adivasi Struggle <\/strong><br \/>\n[anjati&#8217;s (first inhabitants), Vanjati&#8217;s (forest dwellers), Adivasi&#8217;s, Girijans.<br \/>\n\u2022 They like to be alone\/isolated and their occupations well connected to the forest.<br \/>\n\u2022 They were hunter gatherers, honey collectors, shifting cultivators)<br \/>\n<strong>During colonial rule <\/strong><br \/>\n\u2022 Maximum exploitation of forest dwellers.<br \/>\n\u2022 Forests were cleared for collecting timber, setting up of roads, railway tracks.<br \/>\n\u2022 The tribals who were dependent on the forest lost their livelihood.<br \/>\n\u2022 Some of them became thieves and stole timber and poached animals.<\/p>\n<p>\u2022 Others went to nearby cities and towns and became labourers working for wages.<br \/>\n\u2022 Thus the tribals revolted and protested which led the British to reserve areas known as exclusive areas\/partially exclusive areas.<br \/>\n\u2022 The non-tribals were not allowed to enter the area, but this was not implemented properly since the weaker sections were sidelined.<br \/>\n<strong>After independence <\/strong><br \/>\n\u2022 Development continued to take place so the tribals suffered (roads, railways, tracks had to be made and timber had to be used)<br \/>\n\u2022 Hydroelectric projects (dams), using, recreational purposes and the culture of the tribals gets clouded.<br \/>\n\u2022 This displaced the tribals and their livelihood was taken away.<br \/>\n\u2022 The tribals began revolts, rebellions, protests due to exploitation and discrimination.<br \/>\n\u2022 The Adivasi\/tribal movement came across and three states were formed Jharkand, Uttarakhand, Chhattisgarh.<br \/>\n<strong>Women structure for equality and rights <\/strong><br \/>\n\u2022 Women are considered to be physically and biologically weaker but they are not socially or economically weak.<br \/>\n\u2022 This is due to the patriarchal society and mindset of the people.<br \/>\n<strong>Social reformers <\/strong><br \/>\n\u2022 The male reformers wanted to make changes in the society for women and Dalits.<br \/>\n&#8211; <strong>Raja Rammohun Roy <\/strong><br \/>\nIn 1829 he caused the abolition of Sati Pratha under the Governor General William Bentick. Later he started Brahmo Samaj for the upliftment of the status of women by giving the girl child education.<br \/>\nHe wanted child marriage to end and wanted to encourage widow remarriage.<br \/>\n&#8211; <strong>Dayanand Saraswati <\/strong><br \/>\nHe started the Arya Samaj to educate the girl child. Upliftment of women both socially and economically. Abolishment of child marriage encouraged widow remarriage.<br \/>\nHe was against the study of western education and he wanted women to study the Vedas and learn about housekeeping as they would ultimately become home workers. This social work was done by the Arya Samaj.<br \/>\n&#8211; <strong>M.G. Ranade<\/strong><br \/>\nHe was a Hindu Brahmin and was shocked by the way women were treated. He wrote two books and appealed to the people by saying that even in the Vedas it was not mentioned to treat them badly or they shouldn&#8217;t get married again.<br \/>\n<strong>&#8211; Jyotiba Phule <\/strong><br \/>\nHe was a Dalit and started the association called Satyashodhak Samaj (truth seeking society) Focused on status of Dalits and women and was the first Indian to start a college for women in Puri.<br \/>\n<strong>&#8211; Syed Ahmed Khan <\/strong><br \/>\nHe was a well educated Muslim and he wanted the Muslim women to be educated as they were suppressed, due to the Purdah System but they should learn about housekeeping as they will become house workers.<br \/>\n<strong>&#8211; Ishwar Chandra Vidya Sagar <\/strong><br \/>\nHe concentrated on widow remarriage. He opposed the way widows were treated.<\/p>\n<p>He encouraged men to marry the widows and arranged community marriages. He did this to give respect to the women.<br \/>\n<strong>Women Reformers <\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>1. Tarabai Shinde <\/strong><br \/>\n&#8211; Wrote a book called &#8216;Stree Purush Tulana&#8217; in 1882 which spoke about how men<br \/>\ntreated women.<br \/>\n&#8211; She was suppressed, women race were given a very low status.<br \/>\n&#8211; Women were ill-treated like slaves.<br \/>\n&#8211; There was prevalence of polygamy, so men would marry women.<br \/>\n&#8211; She felt that women were degraded and so she wrote the book to spread<br \/>\nawareness about the importance of women.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2. Begum Rokeya Sakhawat Hossain <\/strong><br \/>\n&#8211; Wrote an interesting short story, &#8216;Sultana&#8217;s Dream&#8217; in 1915, where there was role reversal (men and women), magical world (satire).<br \/>\n&#8211; The man usually worked, stayed there and cooked and did all the household work and women would work, jobs, go in rockets.<br \/>\n&#8211; In reality it was very rural for a man to do household work.<br \/>\n&#8211; Men should help women and lead them go out sometimes.<br \/>\n<strong>Provisions for women\/position\/ status of women <\/strong><br \/>\n\u2022 During the 19th century, there were very few associations which fought for women.<br \/>\n\u2022 After independence many women associations came up for the upliftment of women.<br \/>\n<strong>Karachi Session of 1931 <\/strong><br \/>\nFew provisions were suggested and later included in the constitution.<br \/>\n1. Everyone is equal in the eyes of law, irrespective of their religion, caste, language and sex they belong to.<br \/>\n2. Women should be allowed to hold positions in society in government jobs, not taking in account their caste, language.<br \/>\n3. Universal Adult Franchise should be allowed to vote irrespective of their caste, religion, etc.<br \/>\n4. All women have a right to vote, right to stand for any office or to take up any job.<br \/>\n<strong>Differently-Abled <\/strong><br \/>\n\u2022 The Disabled, who are physically and mentally challenged.<\/p>\n<table style=\"height: 246px\" border=\"1\" width=\"830\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"3\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\"><strong>Terms used then<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\"><strong>Terms used now<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>(1) Handicapped<\/p>\n<p>(2) Crippled<\/p>\n<p>(3) Blind<\/p>\n<p>(4) Deaf<\/p>\n<p>(5) Dumb<\/td>\n<td>(1) Mentally\/Physically challenged\/ disabled<\/p>\n<p>(2) Physically challenged<\/p>\n<p>(3) Visually impaired<\/p>\n<p>(4) Hearing impaired<\/p>\n<p>(5) Speech impaired<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u2022 These terms have changed as these terms are very derogatory and should not be used.<br \/>\n\u2022 They are not only physically and mentally challenged but they are socially discriminated and not integrated into society like the mainstream.<br \/>\n\u2022 These terms are used loosely and are considered as insults.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Features <\/strong><br \/>\n1. It is biologically given\/genetic.<br \/>\n2. Can be due to accidents (physically impaired).<br \/>\n3. The blame goes to Karma\/fate.<br \/>\n4. They are considered to be victims of fate and are fiercely independent.<br \/>\n5. Everything that they do is attributed to their disability. People show sympathy and pity, but they don&#8217;t want it.<br \/>\n6. Disability is linked with their self-perception (fiercely independent) whether they have a poor perception of themselves.<br \/>\n7. We feel that the disabled people are in need of help.<br \/>\n&#8211; In the past, in the mythological movies, the negative character is a differently abled person.<br \/>\n&#8211; The differently abled are discriminated but society does not accept them.<br \/>\n<strong>Differently-Abled and Poverty <\/strong><br \/>\n\u2022 They do not have the life chances, opportunities that the others have.<br \/>\n\u2022 They are not educated, cannot get jobs and this leads to poverty.<br \/>\n\u2022 If they are not accepted by their family, it leads to begging.<br \/>\n\u2022 Due to poor conditions, unsanitary conditions, improper health and education, mother has too many children, no polio drops lead to disabilities (inadequate immunization, one crowded housing)<br \/>\n\u2022 According to the 2001 census, 2.19 crore people in India are physically challenged.<br \/>\n\u2022 The differently-abled began protesting and forming associations and laws by the government.<br \/>\n1. Nowadays in the malls and airports, there are bathroom for them.<br \/>\n2. There are separate educational facilities () but they want to be integrated with the mainstream.<br \/>\n3. Provisions are being made in schools, courts, malls, airport, like parking, ramps, lifts, buses-but it is not enough.<br \/>\n4. Most of the hospitals don&#8217;t have ramps.<br \/>\n\u2022 The awareness is increasing but the number of disabled are also increasing .<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pattern_of_Social_Inequality_and_Exclusion_class_12_Notes_Sociology\"><\/span><strong>Pattern of Social Inequality and Exclusion class 12 Notes Sociology<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>CBSE Revision notes (PDF Download) Free<\/li>\n<li>CBSE Revision notes for Class 12 Sociology PDF<\/li>\n<li>CBSE Revision notes Class 12 Sociology \u2013 CBSE<\/li>\n<li>CBSE Revisions notes and Key Points Class 12 Sociology<\/li>\n<li>Summary of the NCERT books all chapters in Sociology class 12<\/li>\n<li>Short notes for CBSE class 12th Sociology<\/li>\n<li>Key notes and chapter summary of Sociology class 12<\/li>\n<li>Quick revision notes for CBSE board exams<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"CBSE_Class-12_Revision_Notes_and_Key_Points\"><\/span><strong>CBSE Class-12 Revision Notes and Key Points<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Pattern of Social Inequality and Exclusion class 12 Notes Sociology. CBSE quick revision note for class-12 Sociology, Chemistry, Math\u2019s, Biology and other subject are very helpful to revise the whole syllabus during exam days. The revision notes covers all important formulas and concepts given in the chapter. Even if you wish to have an overview of a chapter, quick revision notes are here to do if for you. These notes will certainly save your time during stressful exam days.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/downloads\/cbse-class-12-physics\/1251\/cbse-revision-notes\/7\/\">Revision Notes for class-12 Physics<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/downloads\/cbse-class-12-chemistry\/1267\/cbse-revision-notes\/7\/\">Revision Notes for class-12 Chemistry<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/downloads\/cbse-class-12-mathematics\/1284\/cbse-revision-notes\/7\/\">Revision Notes for class-12 Mathematics<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/downloads\/cbse-class-12-biology\/1298\/cbse-revision-notes\/7\/\">Revision Notes for class-12 Biology<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/downloads\/cbse-class-12-accountancy\/1315\/cbse-revision-notes\/7\/\">Revision Notes for class-12 Accountancy<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/downloads\/cbse-class-12-economics\/1327\/cbse-revision-notes\/7\/\">Revision Notes for class-12 Economics<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/downloads\/cbse-class-12-business-studies\/1727\/cbse-revision-notes\/7\/\">Revision Notes for class-12 Business Studies<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/downloads\/cbse-class-12-computer-science\/1851\/cbse-revision-notes\/7\/\">Revision Notes for class-12 Computer Science<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/downloads\/cbse-class-12-informatics-practices\/1873\/cbse-revision-notes\/7\/\">Revision Notes for class-12 Informatics Practices<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/downloads\/cbse-class-12-english-core\/1855\/cbse-revision-notes\/7\/\">Revision Notes for class-12 English Core<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/downloads\/cbse-class-12-history\/1869\/cbse-revision-notes\/7\/\">Revision Notes for class-12 History<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/downloads\/cbse-class-12-physical-education\/1877\/cbse-revision-notes\/7\/\">Revision Notes for class-12 Physical Education<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>To download Pattern of Social Inequality and Exclusion class 12 Notes Sociology, sample paper for class 12 Physics, Chemistry, Biology, History, Political Science, Economics, Geography, Computer Science, Home Science, Accountancy, Business Studies and Home Science; do check myCBSEguide app or website. myCBSEguide provides sample papers with solution, test papers for chapter-wise practice, NCERT solutions, NCERT Exemplar solutions, quick revision notes for ready reference, CBSE guess papers and CBSE important question papers. Sample Paper all are made available through\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/play.google.com\/store\/apps\/details?id=in.techchefs.MyCBSEGuide&amp;referrer=utm_source%3Dmycbse_bottom%26utm_medium%3Dtext%26utm_campaign%3Dmycbseads\"><strong>the best app for CBSE students<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0and myCBSEguide website.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/introducing-indian-society-class-12-notes-sociology\/\">Introducing Indian Society class 12 Notes Sociology<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/demographic-structure-indian-society-class-12-notes-sociology\/\">Demographic Structure and Indian Society class 12 Notes Sociology<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/social-institutions-continuity-change-class-12-notes-sociology\/\">Social Institutions: Continuity and Change class 12 Notes Sociology<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/market-social-institution-class-12-notes-sociology\/\">The Market as a Social Institution class 12 Notes Sociology<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/pattern-social-inequality-exclusion-class-12-notes-sociology\/\">Pattern of Social Inequality and Exclusion class 12 Notes Sociology<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/challenges-cultural-diversity-class-12-notes-sociology\/\">The Challenges of Cultural Diversity class 12 Notes Sociology<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/structural-change-class-12-notes-sociology\/\">Structural Change class 12 Notes Sociology<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/cultural-change-class-12-notes-sociology\/\">Cultural Change class 12 Notes Sociology<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/story-indian-democracy-class-12-notes-sociology\/\">The Story Indian Democracy class 12 Notes Sociology<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/change-development-rural-society-class-12-notes-sociology\/\">Change and Development in Rural Society class 12 Notes Sociology<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/change-development-industrial-society-class-12-notes-sociology\/\">Change and Development in Industrial Society class 12 Notes Sociology<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/globalization-social-change-class-12-notes-sociology\/\">Globalization and Social Change class 12 Notes Sociology<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/mass-media-communications-class-12-notes-sociology\/\">Mass Media and communications class 12 Notes Sociology<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/social-movements-class-12-notes-sociology\/\">Social Movements class 12 Notes Sociology<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>CBSE class 12 Sociology Pattern of Social Inequality and Exclusion class 12 Notes Sociology in PDF are available for free download in myCBSEguide mobile app. The best app for CBSE students now provides Pattern of Social Inequality and Exclusion class 12 Notes Sociology latest chapter wise notes for quick preparation of CBSE board exams and &#8230; <a title=\"Pattern of Social Inequality and Exclusion class 12 Notes Sociology\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/pattern-social-inequality-exclusion-class-12-notes-sociology\/\" aria-label=\"More on Pattern of Social Inequality and Exclusion class 12 Notes Sociology\">Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":9913,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[48,456],"tags":[457,150,763,426,240,754],"class_list":["post-9931","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cbse-class-12","category-revision-notes","tag-cbse-notes","tag-cbse-notes-and-key-points","tag-pattern-of-social-inequality-and-exclusion","tag-quick-revision","tag-quick-revision-notes","tag-sociology-notes"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Pattern of Social Inequality and Exclusion class 12 Notes Sociology | myCBSEguide<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Pattern of Social Inequality and Exclusion class 12 Notes Sociology ch-5 in PDF format for free download. 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