{"id":9190,"date":"2018-02-09T11:25:48","date_gmt":"2018-02-09T05:55:48","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/?p=9190"},"modified":"2018-03-19T10:33:43","modified_gmt":"2018-03-19T05:03:43","slug":"light-reflection-refraction-class-10-notes-science","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/light-reflection-refraction-class-10-notes-science\/","title":{"rendered":"Light Reflection and Refraction class 10 Notes Science"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_76 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 eztoc-toggle-hide-by-default' ><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-2' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/light-reflection-refraction-class-10-notes-science\/#CBSE_Guide_Light_Reflection_and_Refraction_class_10_Notes\" >CBSE Guide Light Reflection and Refraction class 10 Notes<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/light-reflection-refraction-class-10-notes-science\/#10_Science_notes_Chapter_10_Light_Reflection_and_Refraction\" >10 Science notes Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/light-reflection-refraction-class-10-notes-science\/#Download_Revision_Notes_as_PDF\" >Download Revision Notes as PDF<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-2' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/light-reflection-refraction-class-10-notes-science\/#Light_Reflection_and_Refraction_class_10_Notes\" >Light Reflection and Refraction class 10 Notes<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/light-reflection-refraction-class-10-notes-science\/#CBSE_Class-10_Revision_Notes_and_Key_Points\" >CBSE Class-10 Revision Notes and Key Points<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<p>CBSE class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction notes in PDF are available for free download in myCBSEguide mobile app. The best app for CBSE students now provides Light Reflection and Refraction class 10 Notes latest chapter wise notes for quick preparation of CBSE board exams and school based annual examinations. Class 10 Science notes on Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction are also available for download in CBSE Guide website.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"CBSE_Guide_Light_Reflection_and_Refraction_class_10_Notes\"><\/span>CBSE Guide Light Reflection and Refraction class 10 Notes<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>CBSE guide notes are the comprehensive notes which covers the latest syllabus of CBSE and NCERT. It includes all the topics given in NCERT class 10 Science text book. Users can download CBSE guide quick revision notes from myCBSEguide mobile app and my CBSE guide website.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"10_Science_notes_Chapter_10_Light_Reflection_and_Refraction\"><\/span>10 Science notes Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Download CBSE class 10th revision notes for Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction in PDF format for free. Download revision notes for Light Reflection and Refraction class 10 Notes and score high in exams. These are the Light Reflection and Refraction class 10 Notes prepared by team of expert teachers. The revision notes help you revise the whole chapter in minutes. Revising notes in exam days is on of the best tips recommended by teachers during exam days.<\/p>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Download_Revision_Notes_as_PDF\"><\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/downloads\/cbse-class-10-science\/1176\/\"><strong>Download Revision Notes as PDF<\/strong><\/a><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><strong>CBSE Class 10 Science<br \/>\nRevision Notes<br \/>\nCHAPTER \u2013 10<br \/>\nLIGHT REFLECTION &amp; REFRACTION<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Light is a form of energy, which gives us the power of vision.<\/p>\n<p>In this chapter we will study the phenomena of reflection and refraction using the property of light i.e. straight line propagation (Light wave travel from one point to another, along a straight line).<\/p>\n<p>Ray of light : It is a line in the direction of movement of light.<br \/>\nBeam of light : It is bucnh of rays of light.<br \/>\nParallel beam : All the rays are parallel.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Reflection of Light<\/strong><br \/>\nWhen the light is allowed to fall on highly polished surface, such as mirror, most of the light gets reflected.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Laws of Reflection<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>1. The angle of incidence is always equal to angle of reflection.<br \/>\n<span class=\"cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_inline cke_widget_selected\"><span class=\"math-tex cke_widget_element\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/elpiscart.com\/cgi-bin\/mathtex.cgi?\\angle i\\; = \\;\\angle r\" \/><\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media-mycbseguide.s3.amazonaws.com\/images\/static\/revise\/10\/science\/10_sc_ch10_01.jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>2. The incident ray, reflected ray and the normal to the reflecting surface at the point of incidence lie in the same plane.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Image formed by Plane Mirror<\/strong> (Plane reflecting surface)<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media-mycbseguide.s3.amazonaws.com\/images\/static\/revise\/10\/science\/10_sc_ch10_02.jpg\" \/><br \/>\n1. Virtual (imaginary) &amp; Erect :\u00a0The image that do not form on screen.<br \/>\nReal images can be recorded on the screen.<br \/>\n2. Laterally inverted (The left side of object appear on right side of image)<br \/>\n3. The size of image is equal to that of object.<br \/>\n4. The image formed is as far behind the mirror as the object is in front of it.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Reflection of light by spherical Mirrors<\/strong><br \/>\nMirrors, whose reflecting surface are curved inward or outward spherically are called spherical mirror.<br \/>\nFor example &#8211; Spoon\u00a0<span class=\"cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_inline cke_widget_selected\"><span class=\"math-tex cke_widget_element\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/elpiscart.com\/cgi-bin\/mathtex.cgi? \\to\" \/><\/span><\/span>\u00a0The curved surface of shinning spoon can be considered as curved mirror.<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media-mycbseguide.s3.amazonaws.com\/images\/static\/revise\/10\/science\/10_sc_ch10_03.png\" \/><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media-mycbseguide.s3.amazonaws.com\/images\/static\/revise\/10\/science\/10_sc_ch10_04.png\" \/><br \/>\nIf it is curved inward <span class=\"cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_inline cke_widget_selected\"><span class=\"math-tex cke_widget_element\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/elpiscart.com\/cgi-bin\/mathtex.cgi?\\xrightarrow{{}}\" \/><\/span><\/span>Act as concave mirror<br \/>\nIf it is curved outward <span class=\"cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_inline cke_widget_selected\"><span class=\"math-tex cke_widget_element\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/elpiscart.com\/cgi-bin\/mathtex.cgi?\\xrightarrow{{}}\" \/><\/span><\/span>\u00a0Act as a convex mirror.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Few Basic terms related to Spherial Mirror<\/strong><br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media-mycbseguide.s3.amazonaws.com\/images\/static\/revise\/10\/science\/10_sc_ch10_05.jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Principal axis<\/strong> : Line joining the pole and centre of curvature of the spherical mirror.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Pole <\/strong>: The geometrical central point of the reflecting spherical surface. (aperture), denoted by (P).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Aperture<\/strong> : The width of reflecting spherical surface.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Centre of curvature<\/strong> : The centre of the hollow glass sphere of which the spherical mirror is a part is called as centre of curvature.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Radius of curvature<\/strong> : The distance between the pole and the centre of curvature. i.e.<br \/>\n<strong>PC = R<\/strong> or The radius of the hollow sphere of which the mirror is a part.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Focus point<\/strong> : The point on the principal axis, where all parallel rays meet after reflection is called as Principal Focus or Focus. It is denoted by letter \u2018F\u2019.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Focal length<\/strong> : The distance between the pole and focus point i.e. <strong>PF = f<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Relationship between focal length and Radius of curvature. <span class=\"cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_inline cke_widget_selected\"><span class=\"math-tex cke_widget_element\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/elpiscart.com\/cgi-bin\/mathtex.cgi?F\\; = \\frac{R}{2}\" \/><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Image Formation by Spherical Mirror<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Before we learn the formation of image or ray diagram, let us go through few tips<\/p>\n<p><strong>(a) <\/strong>Remember, a ray of light which is parallel to principle axis always pass through focus (meet at focus) or <strong>vice-versa.<\/strong><br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media-mycbseguide.s3.amazonaws.com\/images\/static\/revise\/10\/science\/10_sc_ch10_06.jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>(b)<\/strong> A ray of light which passes through centre of curvature (it is also known as normal at the point of incidence on spherical mirror) will retrace their path after reflection.<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media-mycbseguide.s3.amazonaws.com\/images\/static\/revise\/10\/science\/10_sc_ch10_07.jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>(c) A ray of light falling on pole get reflected at the same angle on the other side of principal axis.<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media-mycbseguide.s3.amazonaws.com\/images\/static\/revise\/10\/science\/10_sc_ch10_08.jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>Note :<\/strong> A ray of light passes through centre of curvature of reflecting spherical surface always act as normal at the point of incidence. If we know the normal we can draw angle of incidence and angle of reflection<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media-mycbseguide.s3.amazonaws.com\/images\/static\/revise\/10\/science\/10_sc_ch10_09.jpg\" \/> <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media-mycbseguide.s3.amazonaws.com\/images\/static\/revise\/10\/science\/10_sc_ch10_10.jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>Note 1 :<\/strong> The image will only form when two or more rays meets at a point. Image formation by a concave mirror for different position of the object.<br \/>\nThe ray diagrams given in NCERT Books are also good to be followed.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Image Formation by Concave Mirror<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media-mycbseguide.s3.amazonaws.com\/images\/static\/revise\/10\/science\/10_sc_ch10_11.jpg\" \/> <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media-mycbseguide.s3.amazonaws.com\/images\/static\/revise\/10\/science\/10_sc_ch10_12.jpg\" \/><br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media-mycbseguide.s3.amazonaws.com\/images\/static\/revise\/10\/science\/10_sc_ch10_13.jpg\" \/><br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media-mycbseguide.s3.amazonaws.com\/images\/static\/revise\/10\/science\/10_sc_ch10_14.jpg\" \/><br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media-mycbseguide.s3.amazonaws.com\/images\/static\/revise\/10\/science\/10_sc_ch10_15.jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>Image formation by Convex Mirror<\/strong><br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media-mycbseguide.s3.amazonaws.com\/images\/static\/revise\/10\/science\/10_sc_ch10_16.jpg\" \/><br \/>\n<span class=\"cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_inline cke_widget_selected\"><span class=\"math-tex cke_widget_element\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/elpiscart.com\/cgi-bin\/mathtex.cgi?\\frac{{Position\\;of\\;\\operatorname{Im} age}}{{At\\;focus}}\" \/><\/span><\/span>\u00a0<span class=\"cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_inline cke_widget_selected\"><span class=\"math-tex cke_widget_element\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/elpiscart.com\/cgi-bin\/mathtex.cgi?\\;\\;\\frac{{Size\\;of\\;\\operatorname{Im} age}}{{Highly\\;\\dim inished}}\" \/><\/span><\/span>\u00a0<span class=\"cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_inline cke_widget_selected\"><span class=\"math-tex cke_widget_element\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/elpiscart.com\/cgi-bin\/mathtex.cgi?\\;\\;\\frac{{Nature}}{{Virtual\\;\\&amp;amp; \\;erect}}\" \/><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media-mycbseguide.s3.amazonaws.com\/images\/static\/revise\/10\/science\/10_sc_ch10_17.jpg\" \/><br \/>\n<span class=\"cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_inline cke_widget_selected\"><span class=\"math-tex cke_widget_element\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/elpiscart.com\/cgi-bin\/mathtex.cgi?\\;\\;\\frac{{Position\\;of\\;\\operatorname{Im} age}}{{Between\\;P\\;\\&amp;amp; \\;F}}\" \/><\/span><\/span>\u00a0<span class=\"cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_inline cke_widget_selected\"><span class=\"math-tex cke_widget_element\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/elpiscart.com\/cgi-bin\/mathtex.cgi?\\;\\;\\frac{{Size\\;of\\;\\operatorname{Im} age}}{{Very\\;small}}\" \/><\/span><\/span>\u00a0<span class=\"cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_inline cke_widget_selected\"><span class=\"math-tex cke_widget_element\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/elpiscart.com\/cgi-bin\/mathtex.cgi?\\;\\;\\frac{{Nature}}{{Virtual\\;\\&amp;amp; \\;erect}}\" \/><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>Uses of Concave Mirror<\/strong><br \/>\n1 Used in torches, search light and headlight of vehicle.<br \/>\n2. Used to see large image of face as shaving mirror<br \/>\n3. Used by dentist to see large images of the teeth<br \/>\n4. Large concave mirror used to focus sunlight (heat) in solar furnaces.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Uses of Convex Mirror<\/strong><br \/>\nUsed as rear-view mirror in vehicles because it gives erect image. Italso helps the driver to view large area.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Sign Convention for Reflection by Spherical Mirror<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>The object is always placed to the left side of mirror.<\/li>\n<li>All distance should be measured from pole (P); parallel to principal axis.<\/li>\n<li>Take &#8216;P&#8217; as origin. Distances measured<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Right of the origin (+x-Axis) are <strong>taken positive<\/strong><br \/>\nLeft of the origin (\u2013x-Axis) are <strong>taken negative <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Perpendicular to and above principal axis (+y-Axis) are <strong>taken positive<\/strong><br \/>\nPerpendicular to and below principal axis (\u2013y-Axis) are <strong>taken negative<\/strong><br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media-mycbseguide.s3.amazonaws.com\/images\/static\/revise\/10\/science\/10_sc_ch10_18.jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>Mirror Formula<\/strong><\/p>\n<table border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_inline cke_widget_selected\"><span class=\"math-tex cke_widget_element\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/elpiscart.com\/cgi-bin\/mathtex.cgi?\\frac{1}{f}\\; = \\;\\frac{1}{v} + \\frac{1}{u}\" \/><\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>f\u00a0<span class=\"cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_inline cke_widget_selected\"><span class=\"math-tex cke_widget_element\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/elpiscart.com\/cgi-bin\/mathtex.cgi?\\xrightarrow{{}}\" \/><\/span><\/span>\u00a0distance between F and Pole<br \/>\nv <span class=\"cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_inline cke_widget_selected\"><span class=\"math-tex cke_widget_element\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/elpiscart.com\/cgi-bin\/mathtex.cgi?\\xrightarrow{{}}\" \/><\/span><\/span>\u00a0distance of image from Pole<br \/>\nu\u00a0<span class=\"cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_inline cke_widget_selected\"><span class=\"math-tex cke_widget_element\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/elpiscart.com\/cgi-bin\/mathtex.cgi?\\xrightarrow{{}}\" \/><\/span><\/span>\u00a0distance of object from Pole<br \/>\nR <span class=\"cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_inline cke_widget_selected\"><span class=\"math-tex cke_widget_element\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/elpiscart.com\/cgi-bin\/mathtex.cgi?\\xrightarrow{{}}\" \/><\/span><\/span>\u00a0distance between centre of curvature and pole.<\/p>\n<p>Where <span class=\"cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_inline cke_widget_selected\"><span class=\"math-tex cke_widget_element\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/elpiscart.com\/cgi-bin\/mathtex.cgi?f\\; = \\frac{R}{2}\" \/><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>Magnification<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>It is expressed as the ratio of the height of the image to height of the object.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_inline cke_widget_selected\"><span class=\"math-tex cke_widget_element\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/elpiscart.com\/cgi-bin\/mathtex.cgi?m = \\frac{{height\\;of\\;image}}{{height\\;of\\;object}}\\; = \\;\\frac{{{h^1}}}{h}\\; - - - \\;(1)\" \/><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_inline cke_widget_selected\"><span class=\"math-tex cke_widget_element\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/elpiscart.com\/cgi-bin\/mathtex.cgi?m = \\frac{{ - v}}{u}\\;\\; - - - \\;(2)\" \/><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_inline cke_widget_selected\"><span class=\"math-tex cke_widget_element\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/elpiscart.com\/cgi-bin\/mathtex.cgi?\\therefore\" \/><\/span><\/span>\u00a0From 1 and 2 equation<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_inline cke_widget_selected\"><span class=\"math-tex cke_widget_element\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/elpiscart.com\/cgi-bin\/mathtex.cgi?m\\; = \\;\\frac{{{h^1}}}{h} = \\frac{{ - v}}{u}\" \/><\/span><\/span>\u00a0When <span class=\"cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_inline cke_widget_selected\"><span class=\"math-tex cke_widget_element\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/elpiscart.com\/cgi-bin\/mathtex.cgi?{h^1} \\to\" \/><\/span><\/span>\u00a0image height from principle axis.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_inline cke_widget_selected\"><span class=\"math-tex cke_widget_element\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/elpiscart.com\/cgi-bin\/mathtex.cgi?{h^1}\" \/><\/span><\/span><span class=\"cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_inline cke_widget_selected\"><span class=\"math-tex cke_widget_element\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/elpiscart.com\/cgi-bin\/mathtex.cgi? \\to\" \/><\/span><\/span>\u00a0Object height from principle axis<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media-mycbseguide.s3.amazonaws.com\/images\/static\/revise\/10\/science\/10_sc_ch10_19.jpg\" \/><br \/>\nFew tips to remember sign convention for Spherical mirror<\/p>\n<table border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"1\" cellpadding=\"1\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>f<\/td>\n<td>u<\/td>\n<td>v<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>CONCAVE<\/td>\n<td>-ve(real)<\/td>\n<td>-ve(real)<\/td>\n<td>-ve(real)<br \/>\n+ve(virtual)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>CONVEX<\/td>\n<td>+ve<\/td>\n<td>+ve<\/td>\n<td>+ve<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>h \u2013 is always +ve<br \/>\nh\u00b4 \u2013 is +ve for virtual , \u2013ve for Real.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Refraction of Light<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Refraction of Light : <\/strong>Happens in Transparent medium when a light travels from one medium to another, refraction takes place.<br \/>\nA ray of light bends as it moves from one medium to another\u00a0Refraction is due to change in the speed of light as it enters from one transparent medium to another.<\/p>\n<p><em>Speed of light decreases<\/em> as the beam of light travel from rarer medium to the denser medium.<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media-mycbseguide.s3.amazonaws.com\/images\/static\/revise\/10\/science\/10_sc_ch10_20.jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>Some Commonly observed phenomenon due to Refraction<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Your eyes.<\/li>\n<li>Rainbows.<\/li>\n<li>Light bending in a glass of water.<\/li>\n<li>Glasses.<\/li>\n<li>Camera lenses.<\/li>\n<li>Object dislocation in water.<\/li>\n<li>Binoculars..<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Refraction through a Rectangular Glass Slab<\/strong><br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media-mycbseguide.s3.amazonaws.com\/images\/static\/revise\/10\/science\/10_sc_ch10_21.jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>When a incident ray of light AO passes from a rarer medium (air) to adenser medium (glass) at point. O on interface KL, it will bends towards the normal. At ptO1, on interface NM the light ray entered from denser medium(glass) to rarer medium (air) here the light ray will bend away from normal OO1 is a refracted ray O<span class=\"cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_inline cke_widget_selected\"><span class=\"math-tex cke_widget_element\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/elpiscart.com\/cgi-bin\/mathtex.cgi?_1\" \/><\/span><\/span>B is an emergent ray. If the incident ray is extended to C, we will observe that emergent ray O1B I parallel to incident ray. The ray will slightly displaced laterally after refraction.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Note <\/strong>: When a ray of light is incident normally to the interface of two media it will go straight, without any deviation.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Laws of Refraction of Light<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The incident ray, the refracted ray and the normal to the interface of two transparent media at the point of incidence, all lie in the same plane.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The ratio of sine of angle of incidence to the sine of angle of refraction is a constant i.e.<br \/>\n<span class=\"cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_inline cke_widget_selected\"><span class=\"math-tex cke_widget_element\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/elpiscart.com\/cgi-bin\/mathtex.cgi?\\frac{{Sin\\;i}}{{Sin\\;r}}\\; = \\;cons\\tan t\\;(r)\" \/><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>For given colour and pair of media, this law is also known as Snell\u2019s Law<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Constant n <\/em><\/strong>is the refractive index for a given pair of medium. It is the refractive index of the second medium with repect to first medium.<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media-mycbseguide.s3.amazonaws.com\/images\/static\/revise\/10\/science\/10_sc_ch10_22.jpg\" \/><br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"image\/png;base64,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\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>Refractive Index<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The refractive index of glass with respect to air is given by ratio of speed of light in air to the speed of light in glass.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_inline cke_widget_selected\"><span class=\"math-tex cke_widget_element\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/elpiscart.com\/cgi-bin\/mathtex.cgi?{n_{ga}} = \\frac{{speed\\;of\\;light\\;of\\;air}}{{speed\\;oflight\\;in\\;glass}} = \\frac{c}{v}\" \/><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>c<span class=\"cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_inline cke_widget_selected\"><span class=\"math-tex cke_widget_element\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/elpiscart.com\/cgi-bin\/mathtex.cgi? \\to \\;\" \/><\/span><\/span>\u00a0Speed of light in vacuum = <span class=\"cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_inline cke_widget_selected\"><span class=\"math-tex cke_widget_element\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/elpiscart.com\/cgi-bin\/mathtex.cgi?3 \\times {10^8}\\;m\/s\" \/><\/span><\/span>\u00a0speed of light in air is marginally less, compared to that in vacuum.<\/p>\n<p>Refractive index of air with respect to glass is given by<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_inline cke_widget_selected\"><span class=\"math-tex cke_widget_element\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/elpiscart.com\/cgi-bin\/mathtex.cgi?\\left( \\begin{gathered} a \\to air \\\\ g \\to glass \\end{gathered} \\right)\\;{n_{ag}} = \\frac{{Speed\\;of\\;light\\;in\\;glass}}{{Speed\\;of\\;light\\;in\\;air}}\\; = \\frac{v}{c}\" \/><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Refractive index of water <span class=\"cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_inline cke_widget_selected\"><span class=\"math-tex cke_widget_element\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/elpiscart.com\/cgi-bin\/mathtex.cgi?({n_w}) = 1.33\" \/><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Refractive index of water <span class=\"cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_inline cke_widget_selected\"><span class=\"math-tex cke_widget_element\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/elpiscart.com\/cgi-bin\/mathtex.cgi?({n_g}) = 1.52\" \/><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>Spherical Lens<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>A transparent material bound by two surfaces, of which one or both surfaces are spherical, forms a lens.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Convex lens Concave lens<\/strong><br \/>\n1. Bulging outwards 1. Bulging inwards.<br \/>\n2. Converging lens. 2. Diverging lens.<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media-mycbseguide.s3.amazonaws.com\/images\/static\/revise\/10\/science\/10_sc_ch10_23.jpg\" \/> <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media-mycbseguide.s3.amazonaws.com\/images\/static\/revise\/10\/science\/10_sc_ch10_24.jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>Concave Lens<\/strong><br \/>\nA lens bounded by two spherical surfaces, curved inwards is known asdouble concave lens (or simply concave lens)<br \/>\nIt is also known as diverging lens because it diverges the light.<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media-mycbseguide.s3.amazonaws.com\/images\/static\/revise\/10\/science\/10_sc_ch10_25.jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>Few Basic Terms Related to Spherical Lens<\/strong><br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media-mycbseguide.s3.amazonaws.com\/images\/static\/revise\/10\/science\/10_sc_ch10_26.jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>1. <strong>Centre of curvature<\/strong> : A lens, either a convex lens or a concave lens is combination of two spherical surfaces. Each of these surfaces forma part of sphere. The centre of these two spheres are called centre of curvature represented by C1 and C2.<br \/>\n2. <strong>Principal axis<\/strong> :Imaginary straight line passing through the two centres of curvature<br \/>\n3. <strong>Optical Centre<\/strong> : The central point of lens is its optical centre (O). A ray of light, when passes through &#8216;O&#8217; it remains undeviated i.e. it goes straight.<br \/>\n4.\u00a0<strong>Aperture <\/strong>: The effective diameter of the circular outline of a spherical lens.<br \/>\n5. <strong>Focus of lens<\/strong> : Beam of light parallel to principal axis, after refraction from<\/p>\n<p>1. <strong>Convex lens<\/strong>, converge to the point on principal axis, denoted by F, known as Principal focus<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media-mycbseguide.s3.amazonaws.com\/images\/static\/revise\/10\/science\/10_sc_ch10_27.jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>2. <strong>Concave lens<\/strong>, appear to diverge from a point on the principal axis known as principal focus.<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media-mycbseguide.s3.amazonaws.com\/images\/static\/revise\/10\/science\/10_sc_ch10_28.jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>The distance OF2 and OF1 is called as focal length<\/p>\n<p>Tips for Drawaomg Ray Diagram<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>After refraction, a ray parallel to principal axis will pass through F.<\/li>\n<li>A ray passes through F, after refraction will emerge parallel to principal axis<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media-mycbseguide.s3.amazonaws.com\/images\/static\/revise\/10\/science\/10_sc_ch10_29.jpg\" \/><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Image formation by a convex lens for various position of object<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media-mycbseguide.s3.amazonaws.com\/images\/static\/revise\/10\/science\/10_sc_ch10_30.jpg\" \/> <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media-mycbseguide.s3.amazonaws.com\/images\/static\/revise\/10\/science\/10_sc_ch10_31.jpg\" \/> <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media-mycbseguide.s3.amazonaws.com\/images\/static\/revise\/10\/science\/10_sc_ch10_32.jpg\" \/><br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media-mycbseguide.s3.amazonaws.com\/images\/static\/revise\/10\/science\/10_sc_ch10_33.jpg\" \/><br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media-mycbseguide.s3.amazonaws.com\/images\/static\/revise\/10\/science\/10_sc_ch10_34.jpg\" \/> <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media-mycbseguide.s3.amazonaws.com\/images\/static\/revise\/10\/science\/10_sc_ch10_35.jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>Image Formation by Concave Lens<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media-mycbseguide.s3.amazonaws.com\/images\/static\/revise\/10\/science\/10_sc_ch10_36.jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media-mycbseguide.s3.amazonaws.com\/images\/static\/revise\/10\/science\/10_sc_ch10_37.jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>Sign Convention for Refraction by Spherical Lens<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Similar to that of spherical mirror, only the difference is that all themeasurement are made from optical centre &#8216;O&#8217;<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media-mycbseguide.s3.amazonaws.com\/images\/static\/revise\/10\/science\/10_sc_ch10_38.jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>Lens formula<\/strong><br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media-mycbseguide.s3.amazonaws.com\/images\/static\/revise\/10\/science\/10_sc_ch10_39.jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>Magnification<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>It is defined as the ratio of the height of image to the height of object.<br \/>\n<span class=\"cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_inline cke_widget_selected\"><span class=\"math-tex cke_widget_element\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/elpiscart.com\/cgi-bin\/mathtex.cgi?m = \\frac{{height\\;of\\;image}}{{height\\;of\\;object}}\\; = \\frac{{{h^1}}}{h} = (1)\\left. {} \\right\\}\\frac{{{h_1} - image\\;height\\;from\\;principal\\;axis}}{{h - object\\;height\\;from\\;principal\\;axix}}\" \/><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>It is also related to \u2018u\u2019 &amp; \u2018v\u2019<br \/>\n<span class=\"cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_inline cke_widget_selected\"><span class=\"math-tex cke_widget_element\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/elpiscart.com\/cgi-bin\/mathtex.cgi?m = \\frac{v}{u}\\;\\; - (2)\" \/><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>From equation (1) &amp; (2)<br \/>\nIf magnification<br \/>\nm &gt; 1,then image is magnified<br \/>\nm = 1 ,image is of same size<br \/>\nm &lt; 1, image is diminished<\/p>\n<p><strong>Few Tips to Remember Sign Convention for Spherical Lens<\/strong><\/p>\n<table border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"1\" cellpadding=\"1\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>f<\/td>\n<td>u<\/td>\n<td>v<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>CONCAVE<\/td>\n<td>-ve<\/td>\n<td>-ve<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0-ve(virtual image always)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>CONVEX<\/td>\n<td>+ve<\/td>\n<td>-ve<\/td>\n<td>+ve(real)<br \/>\n-ve(virtual)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>h is always +ve<br \/>\nh\u00b4 \u00a0\u2013ve for Real and +ve for Virtual &amp;Errect.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Power of Lens<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The degree of convergence or divergence of light ray achieved by a lensis known as power of a lens.<br \/>\nIt is defined as the reciprocal of its focal length Represented by P.<br \/>\nIf F is given in meter, then<br \/>\n<span class=\"cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_inline cke_widget_selected\"><span class=\"math-tex cke_widget_element\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/elpiscart.com\/cgi-bin\/mathtex.cgi?P = \\frac{1}{f}\" \/><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>If F is given in cm , then<br \/>\n<span class=\"cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_inline cke_widget_selected\"><span class=\"math-tex cke_widget_element\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/elpiscart.com\/cgi-bin\/mathtex.cgi?P = \\frac{{100}}{f}\" \/><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>SI unit of power of a lens is \u201cdiopter\u201d denoted by \u2018D\u2019<br \/>\nI diopter or ID <span class=\"cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_inline cke_widget_selected\"><span class=\"math-tex cke_widget_element\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/elpiscart.com\/cgi-bin\/mathtex.cgi? \\to\" \/><\/span><\/span>\u00a0It is the power of lens whose focal length is I m<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media-mycbseguide.s3.amazonaws.com\/images\/static\/revise\/10\/science\/10_sc_ch10_40.jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Power of convave lens or diverging lens is always negative<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media-mycbseguide.s3.amazonaws.com\/images\/static\/revise\/10\/science\/10_sc_ch10_41.jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>If any optical instrument has many lens, then net power will be<\/p>\n<table border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_inline cke_widget_selected\"><span class=\"math-tex cke_widget_element\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/elpiscart.com\/cgi-bin\/mathtex.cgi?P = {P_1}\\; + \\;{P_2}\\; + {P_{3\\;\\;...........}}\" \/><\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Light_Reflection_and_Refraction_class_10_Notes\"><\/span>Light Reflection and Refraction class 10 Notes<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>CBSE Revision notes (PDF Download) Free<\/li>\n<li>CBSE Revision notes for Class 10 Science PDF<\/li>\n<li>CBSE Revision notes Class 10 Science \u2013 CBSE<\/li>\n<li>CBSE Revisions notes and Key Points Class 10 Science<\/li>\n<li>Summary of the NCERT books all chapters in Science class 10<\/li>\n<li>Short notes for CBSE class 10th Science<\/li>\n<li>Key notes and chapter summary of Science class 10<\/li>\n<li>Quick revision notes for CBSE board exams<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"CBSE_Class-10_Revision_Notes_and_Key_Points\"><\/span><strong>CBSE Class-10 Revision Notes and Key Points<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Light Reflection and Refraction class 10 Notes. CBSE quick revision note for Class-10 Science, Chemistry, Maths, Biology and other subject are very helpful to revise the whole syllabus during exam days. The revision notes covers all important formulas and concepts given in the chapter. Even if you wish to have an overview of a chapter, quick revision notes are here to do if for you. These notes will certainly save your time during stressful exam days.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/downloads\/cbse-class-10-mathematics\/1202\/cbse-revision-notes\/7\/\">Revision Notes for class-10 Mathematics<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/downloads\/cbse-class-10-science\/1176\/cbse-revision-notes\/7\/\">Revision Notes for class-10 Science<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/downloads\/cbse-class-10-social-science\/1896\/cbse-revision-notes\/7\/\">Revision Notes for class-10 Social Science<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/downloads\/cbse-class-10-english-communicative\/1901\/cbse-revision-notes\/7\/\">Revision Notes for class-10 English Communicative<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>To download Light Reflection and Refraction class 10 Notes, sample paper for class 10 Mathematics, Social Science, Science, English Communicative; do check myCBSEguide app or website. myCBSEguide provides sample papers with solution, test papers for chapter-wise practice, NCERT solutions, NCERT Exemplar solutions, quick revision notes for ready reference, CBSE guess papers and CBSE important question papers. Sample Paper all are made available through\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/play.google.com\/store\/apps\/details?id=in.techchefs.MyCBSEGuide&amp;referrer=utm_source%3Dmycbse_bottom%26utm_medium%3Dtext%26utm_campaign%3Dmycbseads\"><strong>the best app for CBSE students<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0and myCBSEguide website.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/chemical-reactions-equations-class-10-notes-science\/\">Chemical Reactions and Equations class 10 Notes Science<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/acids-bases-salts-class-10-notes-science\/\">Acids Bases and Salts class 10 Notes Science<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/metals-non-metals-class-10-notes-science\/\">Metals and Non-metals class 10 Notes Science<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/carbon-compounds-class-10-notes-science\/\">Carbon and its Compounds class 10 Notes Science<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/periodic-classification-elements-class-10-notes-science\/\">Periodic Classification of Elements class 10 Notes Science<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/life-processes-class-10-notes-science\/\">Life Processes class 10 Notes Science<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/control-coordination-class-10-notes-science\/\">Control and Coordination class 10 Notes Science<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/organisms-reproduce-class-10-notes-science\/\">How do Organisms Reproduce class 10 Notes Science<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/heredity-evolution-class-10-notes-science\/\">Heredity and Evolution class 10 Notes Science<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/light-reflection-refraction-class-10-notes-science\/\">Light Reflection and Refraction class 10 Notes Science<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/human-eye-colourful-world-class-10-notes-science\/\">Human Eye and Colourful World class 10 Notes Science<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/electricity-class-10-notes-science\/\">Electricity class 10 Notes Science<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/magnetic-effects-electric-current-class-10-notes-science\/\">Magnetic Effects of Electric Current class 10 Notes Science<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/sources-energy-current-class-10-notes-science\/\">Sources of Energy Current class 10 Notes Science<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/environment-class-10-notes-science\/\">Our Environment class 10 Notes Science<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/management-natural-resources-class-10-notes-science\/\">Management of Natural Resources class 10 Notes Science<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>CBSE class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction notes in PDF are available for free download in myCBSEguide mobile app. The best app for CBSE students now provides Light Reflection and Refraction class 10 Notes latest chapter wise notes for quick preparation of CBSE board exams and school based annual examinations. Class 10 &#8230; <a title=\"Light Reflection and Refraction class 10 Notes Science\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/light-reflection-refraction-class-10-notes-science\/\" aria-label=\"More on Light Reflection and Refraction class 10 Notes Science\">Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":9081,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[46,456],"tags":[457,150,529,426,240],"class_list":["post-9190","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cbse-class-10","category-revision-notes","tag-cbse-notes","tag-cbse-notes-and-key-points","tag-light-reflection-and-refraction","tag-quick-revision","tag-quick-revision-notes"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Light Reflection and Refraction class 10 Notes Science | myCBSEguide<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Light Reflection and Refraction class 10 Notes Science chapter 10 in PDF format for free download. 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