{"id":8976,"date":"2018-02-08T15:01:05","date_gmt":"2018-02-08T09:31:05","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/?p=8976"},"modified":"2019-03-05T12:21:17","modified_gmt":"2019-03-05T06:51:17","slug":"ray-optics-and-optical-class-12-note-physics","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/ray-optics-and-optical-class-12-note-physics\/","title":{"rendered":"Ray Optics and Optical Class 12 Notes Physics"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_76 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 eztoc-toggle-hide-by-default' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/ray-optics-and-optical-class-12-note-physics\/#CBSE_Guide_Ray_Optics_and_Optical_class_12_Notes\" >CBSE Guide Ray Optics and Optical class 12 Notes<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/ray-optics-and-optical-class-12-note-physics\/#Class_12_Physics_notes_Chapter_9_Ray_Optics_and_Optical\" >Class 12 Physics notes Chapter 9 Ray Optics and Optical<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/ray-optics-and-optical-class-12-note-physics\/#CBSE_Class_12_Physics_Revision_Notes_Chapter_9_Ray_Optics_and_Optical_Instruments\" >CBSE Class 12 Physics Revision Notes Chapter 9 Ray Optics and Optical Instruments<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/ray-optics-and-optical-class-12-note-physics\/#_Ray_Optics_and_Optical_class_12_Notes\" >\u00a0Ray Optics and Optical class 12 Notes<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/ray-optics-and-optical-class-12-note-physics\/#CBSE_Class_12_Revision_Notes_and_Key_Points\" >CBSE Class 12 Revision Notes and Key Points<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<p><strong>CBSE Class 12 Physics Chapter 9 Ray Optics and Optical notes<\/strong> in PDF are available for free download in myCBSEguide mobile app. The best app for CBSE students now provides Ray Optics and Optical class 12 Notes latest chapter wise notes for quick preparation of CBSE board exams and school-based annual examinations. Class 12 Physics notes on chapter 9 Ray Optics and Optical are also available for download in CBSE Guide website.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"CBSE_Guide_Ray_Optics_and_Optical_class_12_Notes\"><\/span><strong>CBSE Guide Ray Optics and Optical class 12 Notes<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>CBSE guide notes are the comprehensive notes which covers the latest syllabus of CBSE and NCERT. It includes all the topics given in NCERT class 12 Physics textbook. Users can download CBSE guide quick revision notes from myCBSEguide mobile app and my CBSE guide website.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Class_12_Physics_notes_Chapter_9_Ray_Optics_and_Optical\"><\/span><strong>Class 12 Physics notes Chapter 9 Ray Optics and Optical<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Download CBSE class 12th revision notes for chapter 9 Ray Optics and Optical in PDF format for free. Download revision notes for Ray Optics and Optical class 12 Notes and score high in exams. These are the Ray Optics and Optical class 12 Notes prepared by team of expert teachers. The revision notes help you revise the whole chapter 9 in minutes. Revision notes in exam days is one of the best tips recommended by teachers during exam days.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><a class=\"button\" href=\"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/downloads\/cbse-class-12-physics\/1251\/cbse-revision-notes\/7\/\">Download Revision Notes as PDF<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"CBSE_Class_12_Physics_Revision_Notes_Chapter_9_Ray_Optics_and_Optical_Instruments\"><\/span><strong>CBSE Class 12 Physics Revision Notes Chapter 9 Ray Optics and Optical Instruments<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Reflection:\u00a0<\/strong>When light is incident on a surface, it is sent back by the surface in the same medium through which it had come. This phenomenon is called &#8216;reflection of light&#8217; by the surface.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Laws of Reflection: <\/strong>The reflection at a plane surface always takes place in accordance with the following two laws:<br \/>\n(i) The incident ray, the reflected ray and normal to surface at the point of incidence all lie in the same plane.<br \/>\n(ii) The angle of incidence\u00a0i is equal to the angle of reflection r, i. e.,\u00a0<span class=\"cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_inline cke_widget_selected\"><span class=\"math-tex cke_widget_element\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/elpiscart.com\/cgi-bin\/mathtex.cgi?\\angle i=\\angle r\" \/><\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone\" src=\"https:\/\/media-mycbseguide.s3.amazonaws.com\/images\/static\/revise\/12\/physics\/12_physics_revise_ch09_01.png\" alt=\"Ray Optics and Optical Class 12 Notes Physics\" width=\"186\" height=\"152\" \/><\/li>\n<li><strong>Formation of Image by the Plane Mirror: <\/strong>The formation of image of a point object O by a plane mirror is represented in figure.<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone\" src=\"https:\/\/media-mycbseguide.s3.amazonaws.com\/images\/static\/revise\/12\/physics\/12_physics_revise_ch09_02.png\" alt=\"Ray Optics and Optical Class 12 Notes Physics\" width=\"212\" height=\"213\" \/>&#8220;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The image formed <em>I\u00a0<\/em>has the following characteristics:-<br \/>\n(i) The size of image is equal to the size of object.<br \/>\n(ii) The object distance = Image distance i.e., OM = MI.<br \/>\n(iii) The image is virtual and erect.<br \/>\n(iv) When a mirror is rotated through a certain angle, the reflected ray is rotated through twice this angle.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Reflection of Light from Spherical Mirror:<\/strong><br \/>\na) \u00a0A spherical mirror is a part cut from a hollow sphere.<br \/>\nb) \u00a0They are generally constructed from glass.<br \/>\nc) \u00a0The reflection at spherical mirror also takes place in accordance with the laws of reflection.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Sign Convention: <\/strong>Following sign conventions are the new cartesian sign convention:-<br \/>\n(i) All distances are measured from the pole of the mirror &amp; the distances measured in the\u00a0direction of the incident light is taken as positive. In other words, the distances measured toward the right of the origin are positive.<br \/>\n(ii) The distance measured against the direction of the incident light are taken as negative. In other words, the distances measured towards the left of origin are taken as negative.<br \/>\n(iii) The distance measured in the upward direction, perpendicular to the principal axis of the mirror, are taken as positive &amp; the distances measured in the downward direction are taken as negative.<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone\" src=\"https:\/\/media-mycbseguide.s3.amazonaws.com\/images\/static\/review\/4676_img_01.jpg\" alt=\"Ray Optics and Optical Class 12 Notes Physics\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" \/><\/li>\n<li><strong>Focal Length of a Spherical Mirror:<\/strong><br \/>\na) The distance between the focus and the pole of the mirror is called focal length of the mirror and is represented by <em>f.<\/em><br \/>\nb) The focal length of a concave mirror is negative and that of a convex mirror is positive.<br \/>\nc) The focal length of a mirror (concave or convex) is equal to half of the radius of curvature of the mirror, i.e., <em>f = <\/em><span class=\"cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_inline cke_widget_selected\"><span class=\"math-tex cke_widget_element\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/elpiscart.com\/cgi-bin\/mathtex.cgi?\\frac{R}{2}\" \/><\/span><\/span>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Principal Axis of the Mirror: <\/strong>The straight line joining the pole and the centre of curvature of spherical mirror extended on both sides is called principal axis of the mirror.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Mirror Formula: <\/strong><span class=\"cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_inline cke_widget_selected\"><span class=\"math-tex cke_widget_element\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone\" src=\"https:\/\/elpiscart.com\/cgi-bin\/mathtex.cgi?\\frac{1}{f}=\\frac{1}{u}+\\frac{1}{v}\" alt=\"Ray Optics and Optical Class 12 Notes Physics\" width=\"79\" height=\"37\" \/><\/span><\/span><br \/>\nWhere u = distance of the object from the pole of mirror<br \/>\nv = distance of the image from the pole of mirror<br \/>\nf = focal length of the mirror<br \/>\n<span class=\"cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_inline cke_widget_selected\"><span class=\"math-tex cke_widget_element\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/elpiscart.com\/cgi-bin\/mathtex.cgi?f = {R \\over 2}\" \/><\/span><\/span>\u00a0Where R<em>\u00a0<\/em>is the radius of curvature of the mirror.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Magnification: <\/strong>It is defined as the ratio of the size of the image to that of the object.<br \/>\nLinear magnification, <span class=\"cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_inline cke_widget_selected\"><span class=\"math-tex cke_widget_element\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone\" src=\"https:\/\/elpiscart.com\/cgi-bin\/mathtex.cgi?m=\\frac{I}{O}=-\\frac{v}{u}=\\frac{f-v}{f}=\\frac{f}{f-u}\" alt=\"Ray Optics and Optical Class 12 Notes Physics\" width=\"232\" height=\"36\" \/><\/span><\/span><br \/>\nWhere <em>I <\/em>= size of image and <em>O\u00a0<\/em><strong>= <\/strong>size of obje<\/li>\n<li>Magnification, m is positive, implies that the image is real and inverted.<\/li>\n<li>Magnification, m is negative, implies that the image is virtual and erect.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Image formation by a concave mirror:-<\/strong><\/p>\n<table class=\"mobile\" border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"3\" align=\"center\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>S.No.<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Position of object<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Position of image<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Nature of image<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Size of image<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td>Infinity<\/td>\n<td>At F<\/td>\n<td>Real and inverted<\/td>\n<td>Highly diminished<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>2<\/td>\n<td>Beyond C<\/td>\n<td>Between F &amp; C<\/td>\n<td>Real and inverted<\/td>\n<td>Diminished<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>3<\/td>\n<td>At C<\/td>\n<td>At C<\/td>\n<td>Real and inverted<\/td>\n<td>Same size<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>4<\/td>\n<td>Between C &amp; F<\/td>\n<td>Beyond C<\/td>\n<td>Real and inverted<\/td>\n<td>Magnified<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>5<\/td>\n<td>At F<\/td>\n<td>At infinity<\/td>\n<td>Real and inverted<\/td>\n<td>Highly magnified<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>6<\/td>\n<td>Between F &amp; P<\/td>\n<td>Behind the mirror<\/td>\n<td>Virtual &amp; erect<\/td>\n<td>Magnified<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Image formation by a convex\u00a0mirror:-<\/strong><\/p>\n<table class=\"mobile\" border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"3\" align=\"center\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>S.No.<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Position of object<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Position of image<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Nature of image<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Size of image<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td>Infinity<\/td>\n<td>At F<\/td>\n<td>Virtual &amp; erect<\/td>\n<td>Highly diminished<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>2<\/td>\n<td>Between\u00a0<span class=\"cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_inline cke_widget_selected\"><span class=\"math-tex cke_widget_element\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/elpiscart.com\/cgi-bin\/mathtex.cgi?\\infty\" \/><\/span><\/span>\u00a0and P<\/td>\n<td>Between P and F<\/td>\n<td>Virtual &amp; erect<\/td>\n<td>Diminished<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Refraction:<\/strong>\u00a0The phenomenon of the change in the path of light as it passes obliquely from one transparent medium to another is called refraction of light.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Laws of Refraction:<\/strong><br \/>\n(i) The incident ray, normal at the point of incidence and refracted ray all lies in the same\u00a0plane.<br \/>\n(ii) For the same pair of media and the same colour of light, the ratio of the sine of the angle of incidence to the sine of the angle of refraction is constant i.e., <span class=\"cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_inline cke_widget_selected\"><span class=\"math-tex cke_widget_element\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/elpiscart.com\/cgi-bin\/mathtex.cgi?\\frac{\\sin i}{\\sin r}={}_{a}{{\\mu }_{b}}\" \/><\/span><\/span><br \/>\nWhere <span class=\"cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_inline cke_widget_selected\"><span class=\"math-tex cke_widget_element\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/elpiscart.com\/cgi-bin\/mathtex.cgi?{}_{a}{{\\mu }_{b}}\" \/><\/span><\/span>\u00a0 is a constant known as Refractive Index of the medium b with respect to the medium a, i is the angle of incidence in medium a and r is the angle of refraction in medium b.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Refractive index:-\u00a0<\/strong>It is defined as the ratio of the speed of light in vacuum to its speed in that medium.<br \/>\n<span class=\"cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_inline cke_widget_selected\"><span class=\"math-tex cke_widget_element\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/elpiscart.com\/cgi-bin\/mathtex.cgi?\\mu = {c \\over v} = {{{\\lambda _{vac}}} \\over {{\\lambda _{med}}}}\" \/><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong>Principle of Reversibility of Light: <\/strong>As light follows a reversible path, <span class=\"cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_inline cke_widget_selected\"><span class=\"math-tex cke_widget_element\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/elpiscart.com\/cgi-bin\/mathtex.cgi?{}_2{\\mu _1} = {{\\sin r} \\over {\\sin i}}\" \/><\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/media-mycbseguide.s3.amazonaws.com\/images\/static\/review\/4676_img_02.jpg\" alt=\"\" \/><br \/>\nMultiplying we get,<\/li>\n<li><strong>Methods to Determine Refractive Index of a Medium: <\/strong>Refractive index of a medium can also be determined from the following:<br \/>\n(i) \u00a0 <span class=\"cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_inline cke_widget_selected\"><span class=\"math-tex cke_widget_element\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/elpiscart.com\/cgi-bin\/mathtex.cgi?\\mu =\\frac{\\text{Velocity of light in air}}{\\text{Velocity of light in the medium}}\" \/><\/span><\/span><br \/>\n(ii) \u00a0 <span class=\"cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_inline cke_widget_selected\"><span class=\"math-tex cke_widget_element\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/elpiscart.com\/cgi-bin\/mathtex.cgi?\\mu =\\frac{\\text{1}}{\\text{sinc}}\" \/><\/span><\/span><br \/>\nWhere <em>c <\/em>is the critical angle.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Critical Angle: <\/strong>The Critical angle is the angle of incidence in a denser medium corresponding to which the refracted ray just grazes the surface of separation.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Total internal reflection:\u00a0<\/strong>The phenomenon in which a ray of light travelling at an abgle of incidence greater than the critical angle from denser to a rarer medium is totally reflected back into the denser medium is called total internal reflection.<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media-mycbseguide.s3.amazonaws.com\/images\/static\/review\/4676_img_03.jpg\" alt=\"\" \/><\/li>\n<li><strong>Apparent Depth of a Liquid: <\/strong>If the object be placed at the bottom of a transparent medium, say water, and viewed from above, it will appear higher than it actually is.<br \/>\nThe refractive index <span class=\"cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_inline cke_widget_selected\"><span class=\"math-tex cke_widget_element\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/elpiscart.com\/cgi-bin\/mathtex.cgi?\\mu\" \/><\/span><\/span>\u00a0in this case is:<br \/>\nRefractive index of the medium, <span class=\"cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_inline cke_widget_selected\"><span class=\"math-tex cke_widget_element\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/elpiscart.com\/cgi-bin\/mathtex.cgi?\\mu\" \/><\/span><\/span>\u00a0= <span class=\"cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_inline cke_widget_selected\"><span class=\"math-tex cke_widget_element\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/elpiscart.com\/cgi-bin\/mathtex.cgi?\\frac{\\text{Real Depth}}{\\text{Apparent Depth}}\" \/><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong>Normal shift:\u00a0<\/strong>The height through which an object appears to be raised in a denser medium is called normal shift.<br \/>\n<span class=\"cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_inline cke_widget_selected\"><span class=\"math-tex cke_widget_element\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/elpiscart.com\/cgi-bin\/mathtex.cgi?d = t\\left( {1 - {1 \\over \\mu }} \\right)\" \/><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong>Refraction through a Single Surface: <\/strong>If <span class=\"cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_inline cke_widget_selected\"><span class=\"math-tex cke_widget_element\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/elpiscart.com\/cgi-bin\/mathtex.cgi?{{\\mu }_{1}},{{\\mu }_{2}}\" \/><\/span><\/span>\u00a0are refractive indices of rare\u00a0and denser\u00a0media respectively, R is the radius of curvature of spherical surface.<br \/>\n<strong>When object is in rare medium:<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_inline cke_widget_selected\"><span class=\"math-tex cke_widget_element\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/elpiscart.com\/cgi-bin\/mathtex.cgi?\\frac{{{\\mu }_{2}}}{v}-\\frac{{{\\mu }_{1}}}{u}=\\frac{\\left( {{\\mu }_{2}}-{{\\mu }_{1}} \\right)}{R}\" \/><\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<strong>When object is in denser\u00a0medium:\u00a0<span class=\"cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_inline cke_widget_selected\"><span class=\"math-tex cke_widget_element\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/elpiscart.com\/cgi-bin\/mathtex.cgi?{{{\\mu _1}} \\over v} - {{{\\mu _2}} \\over u} = {{{\\mu _1} - {\\mu _2}} \\over R}\" \/><\/span><\/span><\/strong><br \/>\nwhere u and v are the distances of the object and the image from the centre of the\u00a0refracting surface of radius of curvature R respectively.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Refraction through a Thin Lens (Lens maker&#8217;s formula): <\/strong>If\u00a0<em>R<\/em><sub>1<\/sub> and <em>R<\/em><sub>2<\/sub> are radii of curvature of first and second refracting surfaces of a thin lens of focal length f, then lens-makers formula is <span class=\"cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_inline cke_widget_selected\"><span class=\"math-tex cke_widget_element\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/elpiscart.com\/cgi-bin\/mathtex.cgi?\\frac{1}{f}=\\left( \\frac{{{\\mu }_{2}}-{{\\mu }_{1}}}{{{\\mu }_{1}}} \\right)\\left( \\frac{1}{{{R}_{1}}}-\\frac{1}{{{R}_{2}}} \\right)\" \/><\/span><\/span><br \/>\nIf the lens is surrounded by air, <span class=\"cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_inline cke_widget_selected\"><span class=\"math-tex cke_widget_element\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/elpiscart.com\/cgi-bin\/mathtex.cgi?{{\\mu }_{1}}=1\" \/><\/span><\/span>\u00a0and <span class=\"cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_inline cke_widget_selected\"><span class=\"math-tex cke_widget_element\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/elpiscart.com\/cgi-bin\/mathtex.cgi?{{\\mu }_{2}}=\\mu\" \/><\/span><\/span>\u00a0, then <span class=\"cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_inline cke_widget_selected\"><span class=\"math-tex cke_widget_element\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/elpiscart.com\/cgi-bin\/mathtex.cgi?\\frac{1}{f}=\\left( \\mu -1 \\right)\\left( \\frac{1}{{{R}_{1}}}-\\frac{1}{{{R}_{2}}} \\right)\" \/><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Image formation by a convex lens:-<\/strong><\/p>\n<table class=\"mobile\" border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"3\" align=\"center\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>S.No.<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Position of object<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Position of image<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Nature of image<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Size of image<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td>Infinity<\/td>\n<td>At F<\/td>\n<td>Real and inverted<\/td>\n<td>Highly diminished<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>2<\/td>\n<td>Beyond 2F<\/td>\n<td>Between F &amp; 2F<\/td>\n<td>Real and inverted<\/td>\n<td>Diminished<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>3<\/td>\n<td>At 2F<\/td>\n<td>At 2F<\/td>\n<td>Real and inverted<\/td>\n<td>Same size<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>4<\/td>\n<td>Between 2F &amp; F<\/td>\n<td>Beyond 2F<\/td>\n<td>Real and inverted<\/td>\n<td>Magnified<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>5<\/td>\n<td>At F<\/td>\n<td>At infinity<\/td>\n<td>Real and inverted<\/td>\n<td>Highly magnified<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>6<\/td>\n<td>Between F &amp; O<\/td>\n<td>Same side<\/td>\n<td>Virtual &amp; erect<\/td>\n<td>Magnified<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Image formation by a concave\u00a0lens:-<\/strong><\/p>\n<table class=\"mobile\" border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"3\" align=\"center\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>S.No.<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Position of object<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Position of image<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Nature of image<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Size of image<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td>Infinity<\/td>\n<td>At F<\/td>\n<td>Virtual &amp; erect<\/td>\n<td>Highly diminished<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>2<\/td>\n<td>Between\u00a0<span class=\"cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_inline cke_widget_selected\"><span class=\"math-tex cke_widget_element\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/elpiscart.com\/cgi-bin\/mathtex.cgi?\\infty\" \/><\/span><\/span>\u00a0and O<\/td>\n<td>Same side<\/td>\n<td>Virtual &amp; erect<\/td>\n<td>Diminished<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Thin lens formula: <\/strong><span class=\"cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_inline cke_widget_selected\"><span class=\"math-tex cke_widget_element\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/elpiscart.com\/cgi-bin\/mathtex.cgi?\\frac{1}{f}=\\frac{1}{v}-\\frac{1}{u}\" \/><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong>Magnification Produced by a Lens:\u00a0<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Where I is the size of image and O is the size of object.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Power of a Lens: <\/strong>The power of a lens P is its ability to deviate the ray towards axis.<br \/>\n<span class=\"cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_inline cke_widget_selected\"><span class=\"math-tex cke_widget_element\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/elpiscart.com\/cgi-bin\/mathtex.cgi?\\begin{align}\u00a0 &amp;amp; P=\\frac{1}{f(\\text{ in metres)}}Diopters \\\\ \u00a0&amp;amp; =\\frac{100}{f(in\\text{ cm)}}Diopters \\\\ \\end{align}\" \/><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong>Focal Length of Thin Lenses: <\/strong>The focal length (<span class=\"cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_inline cke_widget_selected\"><span class=\"math-tex cke_widget_element\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/elpiscart.com\/cgi-bin\/mathtex.cgi?f\" \/><\/span><\/span>) of thin lenses of focal lengths <span class=\"cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_inline cke_widget_selected\"><span class=\"math-tex cke_widget_element\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/elpiscart.com\/cgi-bin\/mathtex.cgi?{f_1},{f_2},{f_3},...........\" \/><\/span><\/span>placed in contact of each other is<span class=\"cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_inline cke_widget_selected\"><span class=\"math-tex cke_widget_element\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/elpiscart.com\/cgi-bin\/mathtex.cgi?{1 \\over f} = {1 \\over {{f_1}}} + {1 \\over {{f_2}}} + {1 \\over {{f_3}}} + .......\" \/><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong>Refraction Through Prism<\/strong>: When a ray of monochromatic light is refracted by a prism, the deviation <span class=\"cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_inline cke_widget_selected\"><span class=\"math-tex cke_widget_element\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/elpiscart.com\/cgi-bin\/mathtex.cgi?\\delta\" \/><\/span><\/span>\u00a0produced by the prism is <span class=\"cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_inline cke_widget_selected\"><span class=\"math-tex cke_widget_element\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/elpiscart.com\/cgi-bin\/mathtex.cgi?\\delta =i+e-A\" \/><\/span><\/span><br \/>\nWhere i = angle of incidence<br \/>\ne = angle of emergence<br \/>\nA = angle of the prism<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media-mycbseguide.s3.amazonaws.com\/images\/static\/review\/4676_img_04.jpg\" alt=\"\" \/><\/li>\n<li><strong>Angle of Deviation: <\/strong>The minimum value of the angle of deviation suffered by a ray on passing through a prism is called the angle of minimum deviation and is denoted by\u00a0<span class=\"cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_inline cke_widget_selected\"><span class=\"math-tex cke_widget_element\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/elpiscart.com\/cgi-bin\/mathtex.cgi?{\\delta _m}\" \/><\/span><\/span>.<br \/>\n<span class=\"cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_inline cke_widget_selected\"><span class=\"math-tex cke_widget_element\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/elpiscart.com\/cgi-bin\/mathtex.cgi?\\mu =\\frac{\\sin \\left( \\frac{A+{{\\delta }_{m}}}{2} \\right)}{\\sin \\frac{A}{2}}\" \/><\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media-mycbseguide.s3.amazonaws.com\/images\/static\/review\/4676_img_05.jpg\" alt=\"\" \/><\/li>\n<li><strong>Dispersion: <\/strong>The splitting of white light into constituent colours is called the dispersion of light. A prism causes deviation as well as dispersion.<\/li>\n<li>The pattern of the coloured bands obtained on the screen is called spectrum.<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media-mycbseguide.s3.amazonaws.com\/images\/static\/review\/4676_img_06.jpg\" alt=\"\" \/><\/li>\n<li><strong>Angular dispersion:\u00a0<\/strong>The angular seperation between the two extreme colours (violet and red) in the spectrum is called the angular dispersion.<br \/>\n<span class=\"cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_inline cke_widget_selected\"><span class=\"math-tex cke_widget_element\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/elpiscart.com\/cgi-bin\/mathtex.cgi?Angular\\ dispersion = {\\delta _V} - {\\delta _R} = \\left( {{\\mu _V} - {\\mu _R}} \\right)A\" \/><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong>Dispersive Power:\u00a0<\/strong>It is defined as the ratio of the angular dispersion to the mean deviation.<br \/>\n<span class=\"cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_inline cke_widget_selected\"><span class=\"math-tex cke_widget_element\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/elpiscart.com\/cgi-bin\/mathtex.cgi?\\omega = {{{\\mu _V} - {\\mu _R}} \\over {\\mu - 1}}\" \/><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong>Optical Instruments<\/strong>: Optical instruments are the devices which help human eye in observing highly magnified images of tiny objects, for detailed examination and in observing very far objects whether terrestrial or astronomical.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Human Eye<\/strong>:<br \/>\na)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0It is the most familiar and complicated optical instrument provided by nature to living beings. In this device, light enters through a curved front surface, called cornea, passes through the pupil \u2013 central hole in the iris.<br \/>\nb)\u00a0\u00a0The light is focused by the eye lens on the retina.<br \/>\nc) \u00a0The retina senses light intensity and colour and transmits the electrical signals via optical nerves to the brain.<br \/>\nd) \u00a0Brain finally processes the information.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Accomodation of human eye:\u00a0<\/strong>It is the ability of the eye lens due to which it can change its focal length so that images of objects at various distances can be formed on the same retina.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Microscope<\/strong>:<br \/>\na)\u00a0\u00a0A simple microscope is a short focal length convex lens.<br \/>\nb)\u00a0\u00a0The magnifying power of a simple microscope is <span class=\"cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_inline cke_widget_selected\"><span class=\"math-tex cke_widget_element\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/elpiscart.com\/cgi-bin\/mathtex.cgi?M=1+\\frac{D}{f}\" \/><\/span><\/span><br \/>\nc)\u00a0\u00a0The magnifying power, M of a compound microscope <strong>when final image is formed at least distance of distinct vision-<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_inline cke_widget_selected\"><span class=\"math-tex cke_widget_element\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/elpiscart.com\/cgi-bin\/mathtex.cgi?M = {M_o} \\times {M_e} = {{{v_o}} \\over {{u_o}}}\\left( {1 + {D \\over {{f_e}}}} \\right)\" \/><\/span><\/span><strong>&amp; when image is formed at infinity-\u00a0<\/strong><span class=\"cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_inline cke_widget_selected\"><span class=\"math-tex cke_widget_element\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/elpiscart.com\/cgi-bin\/mathtex.cgi?M = {M_o} \\times {M_e} = - {L \\over {{f_o}}} \\times {D \\over {{f_e}}}\" \/><\/span><\/span><br \/>\nWhere\u00a0M<sub>o<\/sub> and M<sub>e<\/sub> denotes the linear magnification\u00a0of the objective and eye lens.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Telescope:\u00a0<\/strong>It is an optical device which enables us to see distant objects clearly.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>a) \u00a0The magnifying power, M of refracting telescope is\u00a0<span class=\"cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_inline cke_widget_selected\"><span class=\"math-tex cke_widget_element\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/elpiscart.com\/cgi-bin\/mathtex.cgi?M =- \\frac{{{f_0}}}{{{f_e}}}\" \/><\/span><\/span>,\u00a0 <span class=\"cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_inline cke_widget_selected\"><span class=\"math-tex cke_widget_element\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/elpiscart.com\/cgi-bin\/mathtex.cgi?L = ({f_0} +{f_e})\" \/><\/span><\/span>\u00a0 Where L is the length of the telescope.<br \/>\nb) \u00a0For the final image is formed at the least distance of distant vision, the magnifying power is <span class=\"cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_inline cke_widget_selected\"><span class=\"math-tex cke_widget_element\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/elpiscart.com\/cgi-bin\/mathtex.cgi?M=-\\frac{{{f}_{0}}}{{{f}_{e}}}(1+\\frac{{{f}_{e}}}{D})\" \/><\/span><\/span><br \/>\nc) \u00a0The resolving power of a telescope <span class=\"cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_inline cke_widget_selected\"><span class=\"math-tex cke_widget_element\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/elpiscart.com\/cgi-bin\/mathtex.cgi?\\theta =\\frac{1.22\\lambda }{d}\" \/><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Where, <span class=\"cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_inline cke_widget_selected\"><span class=\"math-tex cke_widget_element\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/elpiscart.com\/cgi-bin\/mathtex.cgi?\\lambda\" \/><\/span><\/span>\u00a0= wavelength of light, \u03b8 = angle subtended by then point object at the objective and d = diameter of the objective of the telescope.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Reflecting telescopes:-\u00a0<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol>\n<li>Newtonian type-<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media-mycbseguide.s3.amazonaws.com\/images\/static\/review\/4676_img_07.jpg\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li>Cassegrain type-<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media-mycbseguide.s3.amazonaws.com\/images\/static\/review\/4676_img_08.jpg\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"_Ray_Optics_and_Optical_class_12_Notes\"><\/span><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><strong>Ray Optics and Optical class 12 Notes<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>CBSE Revision notes (PDF Download) Free<\/li>\n<li>CBSE Revision notes for Class 12 Physics PDF<\/li>\n<li>CBSE Revision notes Class 12 Physics \u2013 CBSE<\/li>\n<li>CBSE Revisions notes and Key Points Class 12 Physics<\/li>\n<li>Summary of the NCERT books all chapters in Physics class 12<\/li>\n<li>Short notes for CBSE class 12th Physics<\/li>\n<li>Key notes and chapter summary of Physics class 12<\/li>\n<li>Quick revision notes for CBSE board exams<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"CBSE_Class_12_Revision_Notes_and_Key_Points\"><\/span><strong>CBSE Class 12 Revision Notes and Key Points<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Ray Optics and Optical class 12 Notes. CBSE quick revision note for class-12 Physics, Chemistry, Math\u2019s, Biology and other subject are very helpful to revise the whole syllabus during exam days. The revision notes covers all important formulas and concepts given in the chapter. Even if you wish to have an overview of a chapter, quick revision notes are here to do if for you. These notes will certainly save your time during stressful exam days.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/downloads\/cbse-class-12-physics\/1251\/cbse-revision-notes\/7\/\">Physics<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/downloads\/cbse-class-12-chemistry\/1267\/cbse-revision-notes\/7\/\">Chemistry<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/downloads\/cbse-class-12-mathematics\/1284\/cbse-revision-notes\/7\/\">Mathematics<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/downloads\/cbse-class-12-biology\/1298\/cbse-revision-notes\/7\/\">Biology<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/downloads\/cbse-class-12-accountancy\/1315\/cbse-revision-notes\/7\/\">Accountancy<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/downloads\/cbse-class-12-economics\/1327\/cbse-revision-notes\/7\/\">Economics<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/downloads\/cbse-class-12-business-studies\/1727\/cbse-revision-notes\/7\/\">Business Studies<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/downloads\/cbse-class-12-computer-science\/1851\/cbse-revision-notes\/7\/\">Computer Science<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/downloads\/cbse-class-12-informatics-practices\/1873\/cbse-revision-notes\/7\/\">Informatics Practices<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/downloads\/cbse-class-12-english-core\/1855\/cbse-revision-notes\/7\/\">English Core<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/downloads\/cbse-class-12-history\/1869\/cbse-revision-notes\/7\/\">History<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/downloads\/cbse-class-12-physical-education\/1877\/cbse-revision-notes\/7\/\">Physical Education<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>To download Ray Optics and Optical class 12 Notes, sample paper for class 12 Physics, Chemistry, Biology, History, Political Science, Economics, Geography, Computer Science, Home Science, Accountancy, Business Studies, and Home Science; do check myCBSEguide app or website. myCBSEguide provides sample papers with solution, test papers for chapter-wise practice, NCERT solutions, NCERT Exemplar solutions, quick revision notes for ready reference, CBSE guess papers and CBSE important question papers. Sample Paper all are made available through\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/play.google.com\/store\/apps\/details?id=in.techchefs.MyCBSEGuide&amp;referrer=utm_source%3Dmycbse_bottom%26utm_medium%3Dtext%26utm_campaign%3Dmycbseads\"><strong>the best app for CBSE students<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0and myCBSEguide website.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/electric-charges-fields-class-12-notes-physics\/\">Electric Charges and Fields class 12 Notes Physics<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/electrostatic-potential-capacitance-class-12-notes-physics\/\">Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance class 12 Notes Physics<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/current-electricity-class-12-notes-physics\/\">Current Electricity class 12 Notes Physics<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/moving-charges-magnetism-class-12-notes-physics\/\">Moving Charges and Magnetism class 12 Notes Physics<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/magnetism-matter-class-12-notes-physics\/\">Magnetism and Matter class 12 Notes Physics<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/electromagnetic-induction-class-12-notes-physics\/\">Electromagnetic Induction class 12 Notes Physics<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/alternating-current-class-12-notes-physics\/\">Alternating Current class 12 Notes Physics<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/electromagnetic-waves-class-12-notes-physics\/\">Electromagnetic Waves class 12 Notes Physics<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/ray-optics-and-optical-class-12-note-physics\/\">Ray Optics and Optical class 12 Notes Physics<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/wave-optics-class-12-notes-physics\/\">Wave Optics class 12 Notes Physics<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/dual-nature-radiation-matter-class-12-notes-physics\/\">Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter class 12 Notes Physics<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/atoms-class-12-notes-physics\/\">Atoms class 12 Notes Physics<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/nuclei-class-12-notes-physics\/\">Nuclei class 12 Notes Physics<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/electronic-devices-class-12-notes-physics\/\">Electronic Devices class 12 Notes Physics<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/communication-systems-class-12-notes-physics\/\">Communication Systems class 12 Notes Physics<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>CBSE Class 12 Physics Chapter 9 Ray Optics and Optical notes in PDF are available for free download in myCBSEguide mobile app. The best app for CBSE students now provides Ray Optics and Optical class 12 Notes latest chapter wise notes for quick preparation of CBSE board exams and school-based annual examinations. Class 12 Physics &#8230; <a title=\"Ray Optics and Optical Class 12 Notes Physics\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/ray-optics-and-optical-class-12-note-physics\/\" aria-label=\"More on Ray Optics and Optical Class 12 Notes Physics\">Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":8891,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[48,456],"tags":[457,150,458,426,240,481],"class_list":["post-8976","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cbse-class-12","category-revision-notes","tag-cbse-notes","tag-cbse-notes-and-key-points","tag-physics-notes","tag-quick-revision","tag-quick-revision-notes","tag-ray-optics-and-optical"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Ray Optics and Optical Class 12 Notes Physics | myCBSEguide<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Ray Optics and Optical class 12 Notes Physics chapter 9 in PDF format for free download. 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