{"id":31503,"date":"2026-05-13T09:48:50","date_gmt":"2026-05-13T04:18:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/?p=31503"},"modified":"2026-05-13T11:50:57","modified_gmt":"2026-05-13T06:20:57","slug":"perimeter-and-area-ncert-solutions-class-9-ganita-manjari","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/perimeter-and-area-ncert-solutions-class-9-ganita-manjari\/","title":{"rendered":"Perimeter and Area &#8211; NCERT Solutions Class 9 Ganita Manjari"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Measuring Space: Perimeter and Area &#8211; NCERT Solutions Class 9 Maths Ganita Manjari includes all the questions with solutions given in NCERT Class 9 <a href=\"https:\/\/ncert.nic.in\/textbook.php?iemh1=0-8\">Ganita Manjari<\/a> textbook.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">NCERT Solutions Class 9<\/h2>\n\n\n<a class=\"mks_button mks_button_small rounded\" href=\"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/category\/ncert-solutions\/ncert-solutions-class-9\/ncert-solutions-class-9-english-kaveri\/\" target=\"_self\" style=\"color: #FFFFFF; background-color: #0066bf;\" >English Kaveri<\/a>\n\n\n<a class=\"mks_button mks_button_small rounded\" href=\"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/category\/ncert-solutions\/ncert-solutions-class-9\/ncert-solutions-class-9-hindi-ganga\/\" target=\"_self\" style=\"color: #FFFFFF; background-color: #0066bf;\" >Hindi Ganga<\/a>\n\n\n<a class=\"mks_button mks_button_small rounded\" href=\"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/category\/ncert-solutions\/ncert-solutions-class-9\/ncert-solutions-class-9-sanskrit-sharada\/\" target=\"_self\" style=\"color: #FFFFFF; background-color: #0066bf;\" >Sanskrit Sharada<\/a>\n\n\n<a class=\"mks_button mks_button_small rounded\" href=\"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/category\/ncert-solutions\/ncert-solutions-class-9\/ncert-solutions-class-9-maths-ganita-manjari\/\" target=\"_self\" style=\"color: #FFFFFF; background-color: #0066bf;\" >Maths Ganita Manjari<\/a>\n\n\n<a class=\"mks_button mks_button_small rounded\" href=\"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/category\/ncert-solutions\/ncert-solutions-class-9\/ncert-solutions-class-9-science-exploration\/\" target=\"_self\" style=\"color: #FFFFFF; background-color: #0066bf;\" >Science Exploration<\/a>\n\n\n<a class=\"mks_button mks_button_small rounded\" href=\"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/category\/ncert-solutions\/ncert-solutions-class-9\/ncert-solutions-class-9-social-understanding-society\/\" target=\"_self\" style=\"color: #FFFFFF; background-color: #0066bf;\" >Social Understanding Society<\/a>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Measuring Space: Perimeter and Area \u2013 NCERT Solutions<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>Q.1:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The perimeter of a circle is 44 cm. What is its radius?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>We use the circumference formula {tex}C=2 \\pi r{\/tex}.<br>Given {tex}C=44 {~cm}{\/tex} and taking {tex}\\pi \\approx \\frac{22}{7}{\/tex}:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>{tex}44=2 \\times \\frac{22}{7} \\times r{\/tex}<br>{tex}44=\\frac{44}{7} \\times r{\/tex}<br>{tex}r=\\frac{44 \\times 7}{44}=7 {~cm}{\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The radius of the circle is {tex}{7 \\ c m}{\/tex}.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>Q.2:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Calculate, correct to 3 significant figures, the circumference of a circle with: (i) radius 7 cm (ii) radius 10 cm (iii) radius 12 cm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Radius 7 cm: {tex} C=2 \\times \\pi \\times 7 \\approx 43.982 {\/tex}&nbsp;{tex}\\Longrightarrow 44.0 {~cm}{\/tex}<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Radius 10 cm: {tex} C=2 \\times \\pi \\times 10 \\approx 62.831{\/tex}&nbsp;{tex} \\Longrightarrow {6 2 . 8} {~cm}{\/tex}<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Radius 12 cm: {tex} C=2 \\times \\pi \\times 12 \\approx 75.398 {\/tex}&nbsp;{tex}\\Longrightarrow {7 5 . 4} {~cm}{\/tex}<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>Q.3:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Calculate the length of the arc of a circle if: (i) the radius is 3.5 cm and the angle at the centre is 60<sup>o<\/sup>, and (ii) the radius is 6.3 m and the angle at the centre is 120<sup>o<\/sup>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Radius {tex}r=3.5 \\ {cm}{\/tex}, Angle {tex}\\theta=60^{\\circ}{\/tex}<br>Step 1: Plug values into the formula: {tex} l=\\frac{60}{360} \\times 2 \\times \\frac{22}{7} \\times 3.5{\/tex} Step 2: Simplify the fraction and the radius {tex}\\left(3.5=\\frac{7}{2}\\right){\/tex}: {tex} l=\\frac{1}{6} \\times 2 \\times \\frac{22}{7} \\times \\frac{7}{2}{\/tex} Step 3: Cancel the common terms (2 and 7): {tex} l=\\frac{1}{6} \\times 22=\\frac{11}{3} \\approx 3.67 \\ {cm}{\/tex}<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Radius {tex}r=6.3 \\ {m}{\/tex}, Angle {tex}\\theta=120^{\\circ}{\/tex}<br>Step 1: Plug values into the formula: {tex} l=\\frac{120}{360} \\times 2 \\times \\frac{22}{7} \\times 6.3{\/tex} Step 2: Simplify the fraction {tex}\\left(\\frac{120}{360}=\\frac{1}{3}\\right){\/tex} and the decimal: {tex} l=\\frac{1}{3} \\times 2 \\times \\frac{22}{7} \\times 6.3{\/tex} Step 3: Divide 6.3 by 7 to get 0.9: {tex} l=\\frac{1}{3} \\times 2 \\times 22 \\times 0.9{\/tex} Step 4: Multiply the remaining numbers: {tex} l=\\frac{1}{3} \\times 44 \\times 0.9=44 \\times 0.3={1 3 . 2} {m}{\/tex}<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>Q.4:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Find the perimeter of a sector (i.e., the curved portion as well as the two straight portions) of a circle of radius 14 cm and sector angle 75<sup>o<\/sup>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Step 1: Calculate the Arc Length (l)<br>The formula for the curved part is {tex}l=\\frac{\\theta}{360} \\times 2 \\pi r{\/tex}.<br>Using {tex}\\theta=75^{\\circ}, r=14 {~cm}{\/tex}, and {tex}\\pi \\approx \\frac{22}{7}{\/tex}:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>{tex} l=\\frac{75}{360} \\times 2 \\times \\frac{22}{7} \\times 14{\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Simplify the fraction: {tex}\\frac{75}{360}=\\frac{5}{24}{\/tex}.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Simplify the radius and {tex}\\pi: \\frac{14}{7}=2{\/tex}.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Multiply: {tex}l=\\frac{5}{24} \\times 2 \\times 22 \\times 2=\\frac{5}{24} \\times 88{\/tex}.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Final Arc Length: {tex}l=\\frac{55}{3} \\approx 18.33 {~cm}{\/tex}.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Step 2: Calculate the Two Radii<br>The two straight sides are both radii (r):<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>{tex} \\text { Straight sides }=2 \\times r=2 \\times 14=28 {~cm}{\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Step 3: Find Total Perimeter<br>Add the curved portion to the straight portions:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>{tex}\\text { Perimeter }=\\text { Arc Length }+2 r{\/tex}<br>Perimeter&nbsp;{tex}=18.33+28={4 6 . 3 3} {cm}{\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The total perimeter of the sector is approximately {tex}{4 6 . 3 3 ~ c m}{\/tex}.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>Q.5:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Find the perimeter&nbsp;of the shape&nbsp;(taking the arcs to be quarter or half or three-quarters of a circle, as appropriate).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media-mycbseguide.s3.amazonaws.com\/images\/question_images\/1777278723-33j45g.jpg\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Step 1: Identify the Components<br>The shape consists of:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Two straight horizontal segments, each measuring 80 m .<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Two curved ends, which are semicircles. Looking at the vertical dashed line, the diameter of these semicircles is 60 m.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Step 2: Calculate the Straight Sections<br>The total length of the top and bottom straight edges is:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>{tex} \\text { Straight Length }=80+80=160 {~m}{\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Step 3: Calculate the Curved Sections<br>Two identical semicircles combine to form one full circle with a diameter {tex}(D){\/tex} of 60 m . Using the formula {tex}C=\\pi D{\/tex}:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>{tex} \\text { Curved Length }=\\pi \\times 60{\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Using {tex}\\pi \\approx 3.14{\/tex} :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>{tex} \\text { Curved Length } \\approx 3.14 \\times 60=188.4 {~m}{\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>Q.6:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Find the perimeter of the shape (taking the arcs to be quarter or half or three-quarters of a circle, as appropriate)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media-mycbseguide.s3.amazonaws.com\/images\/question_images\/1777278956-sqj3tk.jpg\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Step 1: Identify the Diameters and Arcs<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The outer diameter {tex}\\left(D_1\\right){\/tex} is {tex}{1 2 ~ c m}{\/tex}, meaning the outer arc is a semicircle.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The inner diameter {tex}\\left(D_2\\right){\/tex} is {tex}{8 ~ c m}{\/tex}, meaning the inner arc is also a semicircle.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Step 2: Calculate the Curved Arcs<br>Since the perimeter of a full circle is {tex}\\pi D{\/tex}, the length of a semicircle is {tex}\\frac{1}{2} \\pi D{\/tex}.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Outer Arc: {tex}\\frac{1}{2} \\times \\pi \\times 12=6 {\/tex}{tex}\\pi \\approx 6 \\times 3.14=18.84 {~cm}{\/tex}<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Inner Arc: {tex}\\frac{1}{2} \\times \\pi \\times 8=4 \\pi \\approx 4 \\times 3.14=12.56 {~cm}{\/tex}<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Step 3: Calculate the Straight Base Segments<br>The total width of the bottom is 12 cm, and the gap in the middle is 8 cm. The two remaining straight segments at the bottom represent the thickness of the ring.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Total length of both segments: {tex}12-8=4 {~cm}{\/tex}<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>(Each individual segment is 2 cm ).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Step 4: Find the Total Perimeter<br>Now, we add all these boundary lengths together:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>{tex}\\text { Total Perimeter }={\/tex}&nbsp;{tex}\\text { Outer Arc }+ \\text { Inner Arc }+ \\text { Base Segments }{\/tex}<br>{tex}\\text { Total Perimeter }=18.84+12.56+4={3 5 . 4} {cm}{\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The total perimeter of the shape is {tex}{3 5 . 4 ~ c m}{\/tex}.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>Q.7:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Find the perimeter of the shape (taking the arcs to be quarter or half or three-quarters of a circle, as appropriate).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media-mycbseguide.s3.amazonaws.com\/images\/question_images\/1777279138-r2qdqz.jpg\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Step 1: Identify the Shape Components<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The central dashed figure is a square with a side length of {tex}{1 0 ~ c m}{\/tex}.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Attached to each of the four sides is a semicircle.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The diameter {tex}(D){\/tex} of each semicircle is equal to the side of the square, which is {tex}{1 0 ~ c m}{\/tex}.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Step 2: Calculate the Curved Arcs<br>The perimeter of the shape consists only of the four semicircles (the dashed lines of the square are inside the shape and not part of the perimeter).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Four semicircles are equivalent to two full circles.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The circumference {tex}(C){\/tex} of one full circle is {tex}\\pi D{\/tex}.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>For two full circles: Total Curved Length {tex}=2 \\times \\pi \\times D{\/tex}.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Step 3: Numerical Calculation<br>Using {tex}D=10 {~cm}{\/tex} and {tex}\\pi \\approx 3.14{\/tex} :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>{tex}\\text { Total Perimeter }=2 \\times 3.14 \\times 10{\/tex}<br>{tex}\\text { Total Perimeter }=6.28 \\times 10{\/tex}<br>{tex}\\text { Total Perimeter }={6 2 . 8 ~ c m}{\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The total perimeter of the shape is {tex}{6 2 . 8 ~ c m}{\/tex}.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>Q.8:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Find the perimeter of the shape (taking the arcs to be quarter or half or three-quarters of a circle, as appropriate):<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media-mycbseguide.s3.amazonaws.com\/images\/question_images\/1777279282-89vgwg.jpg\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Step 1: Analyze the Components<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The central dashed figure is an equilateral triangle with a side length of {tex}{1 2 ~ c m}{\/tex}.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Attached to each of the three sides is a semicircle.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The diameter {tex}(D){\/tex} of each semicircle is equal to the side of the triangle: {tex}{1 2}{\/tex} cm.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Step 2: Calculate the Length of One Semicircle<br>The circumference of a full circle is {tex}\\pi D{\/tex}. Therefore, one semicircle is:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>{tex} \\text { Arc Length }=\\frac{1}{2} \\times \\pi \\times D{\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Using {tex}\\pi \\approx 3.14{\/tex}:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>{tex} \\text { Arc Length }=\\frac{1}{2} \\times 3.14 \\times 12=18.84 {~cm}{\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Step 3: Calculate the Total Perimeter<br>The perimeter consists of three such semicircular arcs (the internal dashed lines are not counted):<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>{tex}\\text { Total Perimeter }=3 \\times 18.84{\/tex}<br>{tex}\\text { Total Perimeter }={5 6 . 5 2 ~ c m}{\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The total perimeter of the shape is {tex}{5 6 . 5 2 ~ c m}{\/tex}.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>Q.9:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Find the perimeter of the shape (taking the arcs to be quarter or half or three-quarters of a circle, as appropriate):<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media-mycbseguide.s3.amazonaws.com\/images\/question_images\/1777279421-z9tdc6.jpg\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Step 1: Analyze the Grid Structure<br>Looking at the internal dashed lines, the central part of the figure is a {tex}{3} \\times {3}{\/tex} grid of smaller squares.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The total width of the grid is labeled as {tex}{1 4 ~ c m}{\/tex}.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Since there are 3 equal squares across, the side of one small square is {tex}14 \\div 3=\\frac{14}{3} {~cm}{\/tex}.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Step 2: Identify the Semicircles<br>The perimeter is made up of four identical semicircles.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Each semicircle is attached to the middle square of each outer side.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The diameter {tex}(D){\/tex} of each semicircle is equal to the side of one small square: {tex}D=\\frac{14}{3} {~cm}{\/tex}.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Step 3: Calculate the Curved Length<br>Four semicircles are equivalent to two full circles.<br>The circumference {tex}(C){\/tex} of one circle is {tex}\\pi D{\/tex}.<br>Total Curved Length {tex}=2 \\times \\pi \\times \\frac{14}{3}{\/tex}<br>Using {tex}\\pi \\approx \\frac{22}{7}{\/tex}:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>{tex}\\text { Total Curved Length }=2 \\times \\frac{22}{7} \\times \\frac{14}{3}{\/tex}<br>{tex}\\text { Total Curved Length }=2 \\times 22 \\times \\frac{2}{3}{\/tex}<br>{tex}\\text { Total Curved Length }=\\frac{88}{3} \\approx 29.33 {~cm}{\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Step 4: Add the Straight Boundary Segments<br>The perimeter also includes the straight edges of the outer squares that are not covered by semicircles.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>On each of the 4 sides, there are 2 straight segments (the outer edges of the corner squares).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Total straight segments {tex}=4{\/tex} sides {tex}\\times 2=8{\/tex} segments.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>{tex} \\text { Total Straight Length }{\/tex}{tex}=8 \\times \\frac{14}{3}=\\frac{112}{3} \\approx 37.33 {~cm}{\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Step 5: Final Perimeter<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>{tex} \\text { Total Perimeter }{\/tex}{tex}=\\frac{88}{3}+\\frac{112}{3}=\\frac{200}{3}={6 6. 6 7} \\ {cm}{\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The total perimeter of the shape is {tex}{6 6. 6 7 ~ c m}{\/tex}.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>Q.10:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Find the perimeter of the shape (taking the arcs to be quarter or half or three-quarters of a circle, as appropriate):<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media-mycbseguide.s3.amazonaws.com\/images\/question_images\/1777279592-eay244.jpg\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Step 1: Analyze the Grid and Diameters<br>The base of the figure is a dashed line measuring 28 cm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Looking at the markings, this base is divided into four equal segments.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The length of each small segment is {tex}28 \\div 4={7 ~ c m}{\/tex}.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Step 2: Calculate the Large Semicircle<br>The top part of the shape is a single large semicircle.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Its diameter {tex}\\left(D_{\\text {large }}\\right){\/tex} is the entire base: {tex}{2 8 ~ c m}{\/tex}.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Length {tex}=\\frac{1}{2} \\times \\pi \\times 28=14 \\pi{\/tex}.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Step 3: Calculate the Small Semicircles<br>The bottom part of the shape consists of four small semicircles (two curving up, two curving down).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The diameter {tex}\\left(D_{\\text {small }}\\right){\/tex} of each small semicircle is {tex}{7} {~ c m}{\/tex}.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Combined, four semicircles equal two full circles.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Length {tex}=2 \\times(\\pi \\times 7)=14 \\pi{\/tex}.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Step 4: Find the Total Perimeter<br>Add the lengths of the upper and lower boundaries together:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Total Perimeter {tex}=14 \\pi({\/tex}top{tex})+14 \\pi({\/tex}bottom{tex})=28 \\pi{\/tex}<br>Using {tex}\\pi \\approx \\frac{22}{7}{\/tex}:<br>Total Perimeter {tex}=28 \\times \\frac{22}{7}{\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Total Perimeter {tex}=4 \\times 22={8 8} {cm}{\/tex}<br>The total perimeter of the shape is 88 cm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>Q.11:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Find the perimeter of the shape (taking the arcs to be quarter or half or three-quarters of a circle, as appropriate):<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media-mycbseguide.s3.amazonaws.com\/images\/question_images\/1777279752-wdny5r.jpg\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Step 1: Find the Missing Side (Hypotenuse)<br>The central dashed figure is a right-angled triangle with base 8 cm and height 6 cm. Using the Pythagorean theorem:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Hypotenuse<sup>2<\/sup>&nbsp;=&nbsp;{tex}6^2+8^2{\/tex}<br>Hypotenuse<sup>2<\/sup>&nbsp;=&nbsp;{tex}36+64=100{\/tex}<br>{tex}\\text {Hypotenuse }=\\sqrt{100}={1 0}\\ {cm}{\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Step 2: Identify the Three Semicircles<br>The perimeter consists of three semicircles with diameters {tex}(D){\/tex} of {tex}6 {~cm}, 8 {~cm}{\/tex}, and 10 cm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Semicircle {tex}1(D=6): \\frac{1}{2} \\times \\pi \\times 6=3 \\pi{\/tex}<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Semicircle {tex}2(D=8): \\frac{1}{2} \\times \\pi \\times 8=4 \\pi{\/tex}<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Semicircle {tex}3(D=10): \\frac{1}{2} \\times \\pi \\times 10=5 \\pi{\/tex}<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Step 3: Calculate Total Perimeter<br>Sum the lengths of all three arcs:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>{tex} \\text { Total Perimeter }=3 \\pi+4 \\pi+5 \\pi=12 \\pi{\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Using {tex}\\pi \\approx 3.14{\/tex}:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>{tex} \\text { Total Perimeter }=12 \\times 3.14={3 7. 6 8}\\ {cm}{\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The total perimeter of the shape is {tex}{3 7. 6 8 ~ c m}{\/tex}.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>Q.12:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Find the perimeter of the shape (taking the arcs to be quarter or half or three-quarters of a circle, as appropriate):<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media-mycbseguide.s3.amazonaws.com\/images\/question_images\/1777279889-cw3qvx.jpg\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Step 1: Analyze the Base and Diameters<br>The base is divided into three equal segments, each measuring {tex}{4}{\/tex} cm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The diameter of each small semicircle {tex}\\left(D_{\\text {small }}\\right){\/tex} is {tex}{4} {~ c m}{\/tex}.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The diameter of the large semicircle ({tex}D_{\\text {large }}{\/tex}) is the sum of the three segments: {tex}4+4+ 4={1 2}\\ {cm}{\/tex}.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Step 2: Calculate the Large Semicircle Arc<br>Using the formula for a semicircle {tex}\\left(l=\\frac{1}{2} \\pi D\\right){\/tex}:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>{tex} \\text { Large Arc }=\\frac{1}{2} \\times \\pi \\times 12=6 \\pi{\/tex}.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Using {tex}\\pi \\approx 3.14{\/tex}:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>{tex} \\text { Large Arc } \\approx 6 \\times 3.14=18.84 {~cm}{\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Step 3: Calculate the Three Small Semicircle Arcs<br>Each small arc has a diameter of 4 cm:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>{tex} \\text { One Small Arc }=\\frac{1}{2} \\times \\pi \\times 4=2 \\pi{\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Since there are three such arcs:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>{tex} \\text { Total Small Arcs }=3 \\times 2 \\pi=6 \\pi{\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Total Small Arcs {tex}\\approx 6 \\times 3.14=18.84 {~cm}{\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Step 4: Find the Total Perimeter<br>Sum the outer arc and the inner arcs:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Total Perimeter {tex}=6 \\pi+6 \\pi=12 \\pi{\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Total Perimeter {tex}\\approx 12 \\times 3.14={3 7 . 6 8} \\ {cm}{\/tex}<br>The total perimeter of the shape is {tex}{3 7 . 6 8 ~ c m}{\/tex}.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>Q.13:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Find the perimeter of the shape (taking the arcs to be quarter or half or three-quarters of a circle, as appropriate):<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media-mycbseguide.s3.amazonaws.com\/images\/question_images\/1777280064-smuesc.jpg\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Step 1: Analyze the Geometry and Diameters<br>The base is a dashed line divided into two equal segments of 10 cm each.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Small Semicircles: There are two smaller semicircles (one curving up, one curving down). Their diameter {tex}\\left(D_{\\text {small }}\\right){\/tex} is 10 cm.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Large Semicircle: The top arc is one large semicircle. its diameter ({tex}D_{\\text {large }}{\/tex}) is the sum of the two segments: {tex}10+10={2 0 ~ c m}{\/tex}.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Step 2: Calculate the Large Semicircle Arc<br>The length of a semicircle is half the circumference: {tex}l=\\frac{1}{2} \\pi D{\/tex}.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>{tex} \\text { Large Arc }=\\frac{1}{2} \\times \\pi \\times 20=10 \\pi{\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Using {tex}\\pi \\approx 3.14{\/tex} :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>{tex} \\text { Large Arc } \\approx 10 \\times 3.14={3 1 . 4} {cm}{\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Step 3: Calculate the Two Small Semicircle Arcs<br>Since there are two identical semicircles with a diameter of 10 cm, they combine to form one full circle:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Two Small Arcs {tex}=\\pi \\times 10{\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Two Small Arcs {tex}\\approx 3.14 \\times 10={3 1 . 4} {cm}{\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Step 4: Find the Total Perimeter<br>Add the outer large arc and the two smaller inner\/outer arcs together:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Total Perimeter {tex}=10 \\pi+10 \\pi=20 \\pi{\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Total Perimeter {tex}\\approx 20 \\times 3.14={6 2 . 8} {cm}{\/tex}<br>The total perimeter of the shape is {tex}{6 2 . 8 ~ c m}{\/tex}.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>Q.14:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>If the diameter of a car tyre is 56 cm, then: (i) How far does the car need to travel for the tyre to complete one revolution? (ii) How many revolutions does the tyre make if the car travels 10 km?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Step 1: Calculate the distance for one revolution<br>The diameter {tex}(D){\/tex} is {tex}{5 6} {~ c m}{\/tex}. The distance for one revolution is the circumference {tex}(C){\/tex}:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>{tex} C=\\pi D{\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Using {tex}\\pi \\approx \\frac{22}{7}{\/tex}:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>{tex}C=\\frac{22}{7} \\times 56{\/tex}<br>{tex}C=22 \\times 8={1 7 6} {cm}{\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The car travels {tex}{1 7 6 ~ c m}{\/tex} (or {tex}{1. 7 6 ~ m}{\/tex}) in one revolution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Step 2: Calculate revolutions for 10 km<br>First, convert the total distance into centimeters to match our circumference unit:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>{tex} 10 {~km}=10 \\times 1,000 \\times 100={\/tex}&nbsp;{tex}1,000,000 {~cm}{\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Now, divide the total distance by the distance covered in one revolution:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>{tex}\\text { Revolutions }=\\frac{\\text { Total Distance }}{\\text { Circumference }}{\/tex}<br>{tex}\\text { Revolutions }=\\frac{1,000,000}{176}{\/tex}<br>{tex}\\text { Revolutions } \\approx {5, 6 8 1. 8}{\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The tyre makes approximately 5,682 revolutions over 10 km.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>Q.15:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Find the total perimeter of all the petals in each of the given flowers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media-mycbseguide.s3.amazonaws.com\/images\/question_images\/1777281269-xsnkkh.jpg\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Square-based Flower In this figure, the arcs are semicircles because their centers are at the midpoints of the square&#8217;s sides.<br>Analyze the Arcs: The side of the square is {tex}{1 4 ~ c m}{\/tex}. Since the center of each arc is the midpoint, the radius ({tex}r{\/tex}) of each semicircle is 7 cm.<br>Identify the Petals: Each of the {tex}{4}{\/tex} petals is made of two semicircular arcs. There are {tex}{8}{\/tex} semicircles in total forming the boundary of the petals.<br>Calculate Length: Eight semicircles equal {tex}{4}{\/tex} full circles. {tex} \\text { Total Perimeter }=4 \\times(\\pi \\times D)=4 \\times \\pi \\times 14{\/tex} Numerical Result: Using {tex}\\pi \\approx \\frac{22}{7}{\/tex}: {tex} \\text { Total Perimeter }=4 \\times \\frac{22}{7} \\times 14=4 \\times 22 \\times 2={1 7 6} {cm}{\/tex}<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Hexagon-based Flower In this figure, the arcs are sectors of a circle where the centers are the vertices of the hexagon.<br>Analyze the Arcs: The side of the hexagon is {tex}{4 2 ~ c m}{\/tex}. The arcs meet at the center, so the radius {tex}(r){\/tex} of each arc is {tex}{4 2 ~ c m}{\/tex}.<br>Identify the Angle: The interior angle of a regular hexagon is {tex}{1 2 0}^{\\circ}{\/tex}. Therefore, each arc is {tex}\\frac{120}{360}=\\frac{1}{3}{\/tex} of a circle.<br>Identify the Petals: There are 6 petals, and each petal is formed by two arcs. This gives us 12 arcs in total.<br>Calculate Length: Since each arc is {tex}\\frac{1}{3}{\/tex} of a circle, 12 arcs equal {tex}{4}{\/tex} full circles ({tex}12 \\times \\frac{1}{3}={\/tex} 4). {tex} \\text { Total Perimeter }={\/tex}&nbsp;{tex}4 \\times(2 \\times \\pi \\times r)=4 \\times 2 \\times \\pi \\times 42{\/tex} Numerical Result: Using {tex}\\pi \\approx \\frac{22}{7}{\/tex}: {tex} \\text { Total Perimeter }=8 \\times \\frac{22}{7} \\times {\/tex}{tex}42=8 \\times 22 \\times 6={1 0 5 6} \\ {cm}{\/tex}<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>Q.16:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The ratio of the perimeters of two circles is 5 : 4. What is the ratio of their radii?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Step 1: The Core Formula<br>The circumference {tex}(C){\/tex} is calculated as {tex}C=2 \\pi r{\/tex}. This shows that {tex}C{\/tex} is directly proportional to {tex}r{\/tex}, because {tex}2 \\pi{\/tex} is a constant value.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Step 2: Mathematical Proof<br>If we have two circles, their perimeters are {tex}C_1=2 \\pi r_1{\/tex} and {tex}C_2=2 \\pi r_2{\/tex}. Setting up the ratio:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>{tex} \\frac{C_1}{C_2}=\\frac{2 \\pi r_1}{2 \\pi r_2}{\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Step 3: Final Ratio<br>Canceling the constant {tex}2 \\pi{\/tex} leaves us with {tex}\\frac{C_1}{C_2}=\\frac{r_1}{r_2}{\/tex}. Given the perimeter ratio is {tex}5: 4{\/tex}, the radius ratio is also 5:4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>Q.17:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Find the area of triangle ADE in the figure.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media-mycbseguide.s3.amazonaws.com\/images\/question_images\/1777282242-9pv6gx.jpg\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The area of triangle ADE is found by identifying its base and the perpendicular height relative to that base within the rectangle.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The triangle&#8217;s base {tex}A D{\/tex} is {tex}{8 ~ c m}{\/tex}. Its height, the horizontal distance from {tex}A D{\/tex} to vertex {tex}E{\/tex}, is the rectangle&#8217;s length, 10 cm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>{tex}\\text { Area }=\\frac{1}{2} \\times \\text { base \u00d7 height }{\/tex}<br>{tex}\\text { Area }=\\frac{1}{2} \\times 8 \\times 10=40 \\ {cm}^2{\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>Q.18:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The parallel sides of a trapezium are 40 cm and 20 cm. If its non-parallel sides are both equal, each being 26 cm, find the area of the trapezium.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Step 1: Find the base of the side triangles<br>When heights are drawn from the top vertices, the bottom side {tex}(40 {~cm}){\/tex} is split into a middle section (20 cm) and two equal segments.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>{tex} \\text { Segment length }=\\frac{40-20}{2}=10 {~cm}{\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Step 2: Calculate the height ({tex}h{\/tex})<br>Using the Pythagorean theorem on the side triangle with hypotenuse 26 cm and base 10 cm:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>{tex}h^2+10^2=26^2{\/tex}<br>{tex}h^2+100=676{\/tex}<br>{tex}h^2=576 \\Rightarrow h=\\sqrt{576}=24 {~cm}{\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Step 3: Calculate the Area<br>The area formula is {tex}\\frac{1}{2} \\times{\/tex} (sum of parallel sides) \u00d7 height:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>{tex}\\text { Area }=\\frac{1}{2} \\times(40+20) \\times 24{\/tex}<br>{tex}\\text { Area }=\\frac{1}{2} \\times 60 \\times 24=30 \\times 24={7 2 0} {cm}^2{\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>Q.19:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Find the area of a triangle, given that its sides are 8 cm and 11 cm long, and its perimeter is 32 cm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Step 1: Find the missing side<br>The perimeter is the sum of all sides. Let the third side be {tex}c{\/tex}:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>{tex}8+11+c=32{\/tex}<br>{tex}19+c=32{\/tex}<br>{tex}c=13 {~cm}{\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Step 2: Calculate the semi-perimeter ({tex}s{\/tex})<br>The semi-perimeter is half of the total perimeter:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>{tex} s=\\frac{32}{2}=16 {~cm}{\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Step 3: Apply Heron&#8217;s Formula<br>The area {tex}A{\/tex} is given by {tex}\\sqrt{s(s-a)(s-b)(s-c)}{\/tex}:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>{tex}A=\\sqrt{16(16-8)(16-11)(16-13)}{\/tex}<br>{tex}A=\\sqrt{16 \\times 8 \\times 5 \\times 3}{\/tex}<br>{tex}A=\\sqrt{1920} \\approx {4 3 . 8 2} \\ {cm}^2{\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>Q.20:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The sides of a triangular plot are in the ratio 3 : 5 : 7; its perimeter is 300 m. Find its area.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Step 1: Find the side lengths<br>Let the sides be {tex}3 x, 5 x{\/tex}, and {tex}7 x{\/tex}. The perimeter is the sum of these sides:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>{tex}3 x+5 x+7 x=300{\/tex}<br>{tex}15 x=300 \\Rightarrow x=20{\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The sides are:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>{tex}a=3 \\times 20=60 {~m}{\/tex}<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>{tex}b=5 \\times 20=100 {~m}{\/tex}<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>{tex}c=7 \\times 20=140 {~m}{\/tex}<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Step 2: Calculate the semi-perimeter ({tex}s{\/tex})<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>{tex} s=\\frac{300}{2}=150 {~m}{\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Step 3: Apply Heron&#8217;s Formula<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>{tex}\\text { Area }=\\sqrt{s(s-a)(s-b)(s-c)}{\/tex}<br>{tex}\\text { Area }=\\sqrt{150(150-60)(150-100)(150-140)}{\/tex}<br>{tex}\\text { Area }=\\sqrt{150 \\times 90 \\times 50 \\times 10}{\/tex}<br>{tex}\\text { Area }=\\sqrt{6,750,000}=1500 \\sqrt{3} \\approx {2 5 9 8. 0 8} \\ {m}^2{\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>Q.21:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>One diagonal of a rhombus is twice as long as the other diagonal. If the rhombus has area 128 cm<sup>2<\/sup>, find the length of the shorter diagonal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The area of a rhombus is calculated using the lengths of its two diagonals, which bisect each other at right angles.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Let the length of the shorter diagonal be {tex}d{\/tex} and the longer diagonal be {tex}2 d{\/tex}. The formula for the area is:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>{tex} \\text { Area }=\\frac{1}{2} \\times d_1 \\times d_2{\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Substituting the given values into the equation:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>{tex}128=\\frac{1}{2} \\times d \\times 2 d{\/tex}<br>{tex}128=d^2{\/tex}<br>{tex}d=\\sqrt{128}=\\sqrt{64 \\times 2}=8 \\sqrt{2}{\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The length of the shorter diagonal is approximately {tex}{1 1 . 3 1 ~ c m}{\/tex}.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>Q.22:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>ABCD is a parallelogram. P and Q are any two points on side AB . What can you say about the ratio area ({tex}\\triangle {PCD}{\/tex}): area ({tex}\\triangle {QCD}{\/tex})?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Step 1: Identify the Base<br>Both {tex}\\triangle P C D{\/tex} and {tex}\\triangle Q C D{\/tex} share the same base, which is the side {tex}C D{\/tex} of the parallelogram.<br>Step 2: Determine the Height<br>The height of a triangle is the perpendicular distance from its base to the opposite vertex. Since vertices {tex}{P}{\/tex} and {tex}{Q}{\/tex} both lie on the line segment {tex}{A B}{\/tex}, and line {tex}{A B}{\/tex} is parallel to line {tex}{C D}{\/tex}, the perpendicular distance from {tex}{P}{\/tex} to {tex}{C D}{\/tex} is the same as the perpendicular distance from {tex}{Q}{\/tex} to {tex}{C D}{\/tex}.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This distance is equal to the height of the parallelogram.<br>Step 3: Compare Areas<br>Using the formula Area {tex}=\\frac{1}{2} \\times{\/tex} base \u00d7 height:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Area {tex}(\\triangle P C D)=\\frac{1}{2} \\times C D \\times{\/tex} height<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Area {tex}(\\triangle Q C D)=\\frac{1}{2} \\times C D \\times{\/tex} height<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Since the bases and heights are identical, the areas are equal.<br>The ratio of area {tex}(\\triangle P C D){\/tex}&nbsp;: area {tex}(\\triangle Q C D){\/tex} is {tex}1: 1{\/tex}.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>Q.23:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>O is any point on the diagonal PR of a parallelogram PQRS. Prove that the areas of triangles PSO and PQO are equal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Both triangles share a base and have equivalent heights relative to that base due to the properties of a parallelogram.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Consider the diagonal PR of parallelogram PQRS. Diagonal PR divides the parallelogram into two triangles of equal area, {tex}\\triangle P S R{\/tex} and {tex}\\triangle P Q R{\/tex}.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Since {tex}{P R}{\/tex} is a diagonal, the perpendicular distance from {tex}{S}{\/tex} to {tex}{P R}{\/tex} is equal to the perpendicular distance from Q to PR. Both triangles {tex}\\triangle P S O{\/tex} and {tex}\\triangle P Q O{\/tex} share the same base PO on the diagonal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Using the formula Area {tex}=\\frac{1}{2} \\times{\/tex} base {tex}\\times{\/tex} height, since their bases and heights are equal, their areas must be equal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>Q.24:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>If the mid-points of the sides of a 4-gon (also known as a quadrilateral, but we prefer to call it a &#8216;4-gon&#8217;) are joined in order, prove that the area of the parallelogram thus formed will be half of the area of the given 4-gon. (You may wonder whether&nbsp;the 4-gon thus formed is always a parallelogram, and if so, why?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Step 1: <\/strong>The Varignon Parallelogram<br>Let the 4-gon be {tex}A B C D{\/tex} and its midpoints be {tex}E, F, G, H{\/tex}. Joining these midpoints always forms a parallelogram because, by the Midpoint Theorem, {tex}E F{\/tex} and {tex}H G{\/tex} are both parallel to diagonal {tex}A C{\/tex} and half its length.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Step 2:<\/strong> Area Relationship<br>Draw diagonal {tex}A C{\/tex}. This divides the 4-gon into {tex}\\triangle A B C{\/tex} and {tex}\\triangle A D C{\/tex}. The triangle formed by the midpoints, {tex}\\triangle E B F{\/tex}, has a base and height each half of {tex}\\triangle A B C{\/tex}. Therefore:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>{tex} \\operatorname{Area}(\\triangle E B F)=\\frac{1}{4} \\operatorname{Area}(\\triangle A B C){\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Step 3:<\/strong> Summing the Corners<br>Applying this to all four corner triangles {tex}(E B F, F C G, G D H, H A E){\/tex}, their total area equals one-half of the entire 4-gon&#8217;s area.<br>Subtracting these corner areas from the total area of the 4-gon leaves the central parallelogram, which must occupy the remaining half of the area.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>Q.25:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In {tex}\\triangle A B C{\/tex}, the midpoint of {tex}B C{\/tex} is {tex}D{\/tex}. Median {tex}A D{\/tex} is drawn. {tex}P{\/tex} is any point on {tex}A D{\/tex}. Show that area {tex}(\\triangle A B P)={\/tex} area {tex}(\\triangle A C P){\/tex}.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media-mycbseguide.s3.amazonaws.com\/images\/question_images\/1777283886-fhhgjk.jpg\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Step 1: <\/strong>Large Triangle<br>In {tex}\\triangle A B C, A D{\/tex} is the median. A median always divides a triangle into two triangles of equal area, so:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>{tex} \\operatorname{Area}(\\triangle A B D)=\\operatorname{Area}(\\triangle A C D){\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Step 2: <\/strong>Small Triangle<br>Now consider {tex}\\triangle P B C{\/tex}. Since {tex}D{\/tex} is the midpoint of {tex}B C, P D{\/tex} acts as a median for this smaller triangle:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>{tex} \\operatorname{Area}(\\triangle P B D)=\\operatorname{Area}(\\triangle P C D){\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Step 3: <\/strong>Final Subtraction<br>To find the remaining areas, we subtract the small triangles from the large ones:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>{tex} \\operatorname{Area}(\\triangle A B D)-\\operatorname{Area}(\\triangle P B D)={\/tex}{tex}\\operatorname{Area}(\\triangle A C D)-\\operatorname{Area}(\\triangle P C D){\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This leaves us with the required proof:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>{tex} \\operatorname{Area}(\\triangle A B P)=\\operatorname{Area}(\\triangle A C P){\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>Q.26:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Given a square ABCD, let P be a point within it. Join PA, PB, PC, PD. What is the ratio of the areas of the red region ({tex}\\triangle {PAB}{\/tex} and {tex}\\triangle {PCD}{\/tex}) and the green region ({tex}\\triangle {PBC}{\/tex} and {tex}\\triangle {PDA}{\/tex})?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media-mycbseguide.s3.amazonaws.com\/images\/question_images\/1777283967-xnay2e.jpg\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Let the square be {tex}A B C D{\/tex} and {tex}P{\/tex} be any point inside it. Join {tex}P A, P B, P C, P D{\/tex}.<br>Triangles {tex}\\triangle P A B{\/tex} and {tex}\\triangle P C D{\/tex} lie on opposite sides of the square, and similarly {tex}\\triangle P B C{\/tex} and {tex}\\triangle P D A{\/tex} lie on the other pair of opposite sides.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Now, triangles on the same base and between the same parallels have equal areas.<br>Using this idea:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>{tex}\\triangle P A B+\\triangle P C D{\/tex} together cover half the square<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>{tex}\\triangle P B C+\\triangle P D A{\/tex} together cover the other half<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Thus, both regions have equal area. 1 : 1<br>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>Q.27:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In {tex}\\triangle A B C, D{\/tex} is the midpoint of {tex}A B . P{\/tex} is any point on {tex}B C{\/tex}, and {tex}Q{\/tex} is a point on AB such that {tex}{CQ} \\| {PD} . {PQ}{\/tex} is joined. Prove that Area {tex}(\\triangle B P Q)=\\frac{1}{2}{\/tex} Area {tex}(\\triangle A B C){\/tex}.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>First, join {tex}C D{\/tex}. Since {tex}D{\/tex} is the midpoint of {tex}A B, C D{\/tex} is a median, making Area {tex}(\\triangle B C D)= \\frac{1}{2} \\operatorname{Area}(\\triangle A B C){\/tex}.<br>Observe that {tex}\\triangle P D Q{\/tex} and {tex}\\triangle P D C{\/tex} share the same base {tex}P D{\/tex} and lie between parallel lines {tex}P D{\/tex} and {tex}Q C{\/tex}. Therefore, their areas are equal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Now, {tex}\\operatorname{Area}(\\triangle B P Q)={\/tex}&nbsp;{tex}\\operatorname{Area}(\\triangle B P D)+\\operatorname{Area}(\\triangle P D Q){\/tex}. Substituting the equal area, we get {tex}\\operatorname{Area}(\\triangle B P D)+\\operatorname{Area}(\\triangle P D C){\/tex}, which is {tex}\\operatorname{Area}(\\triangle B C D){\/tex}.<br>Since {tex}\\operatorname{Area}(\\triangle B C D){\/tex} is half of the total triangle, we have successfully proved that {tex}\\operatorname{Area}(\\triangle B P Q)=\\frac{1}{2} \\operatorname{Area}(\\triangle A B C){\/tex}.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>Q.28:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Find the area of a sector of a circle with radius 7 cm if the angle of the sector is {tex}60^{\\circ}{\/tex}.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To find the area, use the formula {tex}\\frac{\\theta}{360} \\times \\pi r^2{\/tex}.<br>Substitute the radius {tex}r=7 {~cm}{\/tex} and the angle {tex}\\theta=60^{\\circ}{\/tex}.<br>Area {tex}=\\frac{60}{360} \\times \\frac{22}{7} \\times 7 \\times 7{\/tex}<br>Area {tex}=\\frac{1}{6} \\times 22 \\times 7=\\frac{154}{6}{\/tex}<br>Area {tex}=25.67 \\ {cm}^2{\/tex}<br>This represents the space enclosed by the two radii and the arc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>Q.29:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Find the area of a quadrant of a circle whose circumference is 44 cm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A quadrant is a sector with a {tex}90^{\\circ}{\/tex} angle. Given {tex}C=44 {~cm}{\/tex}.<br>Calculate radius: {tex}2 \\times \\frac{22}{7} \\times r=44{\/tex}, so {tex}r=7 {~cm}{\/tex}.<br>Area {tex}=\\frac{1}{4} \\times \\pi r^2=\\frac{1}{4} \\times \\frac{22}{7} \\times 7 \\times 7{\/tex}<br>Area {tex}=\\frac{1}{4} \\times 154=38.5 \\ {cm}^2{\/tex}<br>This is exactly one-quarter of the total circle&#8217;s area.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>Q.30:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The length of the minute hand of a clock is 7 cm. Find the area swept by the minute hand in 10 minutes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The hand acts as the radius {tex}r=7 \\ {cm}{\/tex}.<br>In 60 minutes, the hand covers {tex}360^{\\circ}{\/tex}, so in 10 minutes it covers {tex}60^{\\circ}{\/tex}.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>{tex}\\text { Area }=\\frac{60}{360} \\times \\frac{22}{7} \\times 7 \\times 7{\/tex}<br>{tex}\\text { Area }=\\frac{1}{6} \\times 154=25.67 \\ {cm}^2{\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The swept area is the region covered by the hand&#8217;s movement.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>Q.31:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A chord of a circle of radius 10 cm subtends {tex}90^{\\circ}{\/tex} at the centre. Find the area of the corresponding: (i) minor sector (that subtends {tex}90^{\\circ}{\/tex} at the centre), and (ii) major sector (that subtends {tex}270^{\\circ}{\/tex} at the centre). (Use {tex}\\pi \\approx 3.14{\/tex}.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For {tex}r=10 {~cm}{\/tex} and {tex}\\theta=90^{\\circ}{\/tex}, use {tex}\\pi=3.14{\/tex}.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>{tex}\\text { Minor Area }=\\frac{90}{360} \\times {\/tex}&nbsp;{tex}3.14 \\times 10 \\times 10=0.25 \\times 314{\/tex}&nbsp;{tex}=78.5 \\ {cm}^2{\/tex}<br>{tex}\\text { Major Area }={\/tex}&nbsp;{tex}\\frac{270}{360} \\times 3.14 \\times 100={\/tex}&nbsp;{tex}0.75 \\times 314=235.5 \\ {cm}^2{\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The sum of both areas equals the total area of the circle.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>Q.32:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A chord of a circle of radius 15 cm subtends an angle of {tex}60^{\\circ}{\/tex} at the centre of the circle. Find the areas of the corresponding minor and major segments of the circle. (Use {tex}\\pi \\approx 3.14{\/tex} and {tex}\\sqrt{3} \\approx 1.73{\/tex}.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Sector Area {tex}=\\frac{60}{360} \\times 3.14 \\times 225=117.75 \\ {cm}^2{\/tex}.<br>Triangle Area (equilateral) {tex}=\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{4} \\times 15^2=0.433 \\times 225=97.31 \\ {cm}^2{\/tex}.<br>Minor Segment Area {tex}=117.75-97.31=20.44 \\ {cm}^2{\/tex}.<br>Major Segment Area {tex}=(3.14 \\times 225)-20.44=686.06 \\ {cm}^2{\/tex}.<br>Segments are areas bounded by a chord and its corresponding arc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>Q.33:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A car has two wipers which do not overlap. Each wiper has a blade of length 28 cm and sweeps through an angle of {tex}120^{\\circ}{\/tex}. Find the total area cleaned at each sweep of the blades.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Each blade has {tex}r=28 \\ {cm}{\/tex} and {tex}\\theta=120^{\\circ}{\/tex}. There are two wipers.<br>Total Area {tex}=2 \\times\\left(\\frac{120}{360} \\times \\frac{22}{7} \\times 28 \\times 28\\right){\/tex}<br>Total Area {tex}=2 \\times \\frac{1}{3} \\times 22 \\times 4 \\times 28{\/tex}<br>Total Area {tex}=\\frac{2 \\times 2464}{3}=1642.67 \\ {cm}^2{\/tex}<br>This total represents the clean surface area per full sweep.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>Q.34:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A chord of a circle of radius {tex}r{\/tex} subtends an angle of {tex}60^{\\circ}{\/tex} at the centre of the circle. Show that the area of the corresponding minor segment of the circle is equal to {tex}\\pi r^2\\left(\\frac{1}{6}-\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{4}\\right){\/tex}.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Area of sector {tex}=\\frac{60}{360} \\pi r^2=\\frac{1}{6} \\pi r^2{\/tex}.<br>Area of equilateral triangle {tex}=\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{4} r^2{\/tex}.<br>Segment Area {tex}={\/tex} Sector Area &#8211; Triangle Area<br>Segment Area {tex}=\\frac{1}{6} \\pi r^2-\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{4} r^2{\/tex}<br>Factoring out {tex}r^2{\/tex} gives {tex}\\pi r^2\\left(\\frac{1}{6}-\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{4 \\pi}\\right){\/tex}.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>Q.35:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>An equilateral triangle is inscribed in a circle of radius {tex}r{\/tex}. Show that the ratio of the area of the triangle to the area of the circle is equal to {tex}\\frac{3 \\sqrt{3}}{4 \\pi} \\approx 0.413{\/tex}.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Area of triangle {tex}=\\frac{3 \\sqrt{3}}{4} r^2{\/tex} (using {tex}3 \\times{\/tex} area of internal triangle).<br>Area of circle {tex}=\\pi r^2{\/tex}.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>{tex}\\text { Ratio }=\\frac{\\text { Triangle Area }}{\\text { Circle Area }}=\\frac{3 \\sqrt{3} r^2}{4 \\pi r^2}{\/tex}<br>{tex}\\text { Ratio }=\\frac{3 \\sqrt{3}}{4 \\pi} \\approx 0.413 .{\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>Q.36:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A square is inscribed in a circle of radius {tex}r{\/tex}. Show that the ratio of the area of the square to the area of the circle is equal to {tex}\\frac{2}{\\pi} \\approx 0.637{\/tex}.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Diagonal of square {tex}=2 r{\/tex}, so side {tex}s=\\frac{2 r}{\\sqrt{2}}=r \\sqrt{2}{\/tex}.<br>Area of square {tex}=s^2=(r \\sqrt{2})^2=2 r^2{\/tex}.<br>Area of circle {tex}=\\pi r^2{\/tex}.<br>Ratio {tex}=\\frac{2 r^2}{\\pi r^2}=\\frac{2}{\\pi} \\approx 0.637{\/tex}.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>Q.37:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A hexagon is inscribed in a circle of radius {tex}r{\/tex}. Show that the ratio of the area of the hexagon to the area of the circle is equal to {tex}\\frac{3 \\sqrt{3}}{2 \\pi} \\approx 0.827{\/tex}. Can you see why the answer is exactly twice the answer to Question 8?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A hexagon is made of 6 equilateral triangles: {tex}6 \\times \\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{4} r^2=\\frac{3 \\sqrt{3}}{2} r^2{\/tex}.<br>Area of circle {tex}=\\pi r^2{\/tex}.<br>Ratio {tex}=\\frac{3 \\sqrt{3}}{2 \\pi} \\approx 0.827{\/tex}.<br>This is twice the triangle ratio because a hexagon contains two such triangles.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>Q.38:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Identities in algebra can sometimes be shown as area relationships. For example:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media-mycbseguide.s3.amazonaws.com\/images\/question_images\/1777285799-smprcp.jpg\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>The figure shown corresponds to the identity<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>{tex} (a+b)^2=a^2+2 a b+b^2 .{\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Do you see how?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Draw figures corresponding to the identities {tex}(a+b)(a-b)= a^2-b^2{\/tex} and {tex}(a+b+c)^2=a^2+b^2+c^2+{\/tex}{tex}2 a b+2 b c+2 c a{\/tex}.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Identity:<\/strong> {tex}(a+b+c)^2=a^2+b^2+c^2+2 a b+2 b c+2 c a{\/tex}<br>To represent this, draw a large square with side length {tex}a+b+c{\/tex}. Divide each side into segments of lengths {tex}a, b{\/tex}, and {tex}c{\/tex}.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Three Squares: You get three squares with areas {tex}a^2, b^2{\/tex}, and {tex}c^2{\/tex} along the main diagonal.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Six Rectangles: The remaining space consists of two rectangles of area {tex}a b{\/tex}, two of area {tex}b c{\/tex}, and two of area {tex}c a{\/tex}.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Total Area: Summing all nine individual regions perfectly matches the algebraic expansion of the identity.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Identity:<\/strong> {tex}(a+b)(a-b)=a^2-b^2{\/tex}<br>This model starts with a square of area {tex}a^2{\/tex} and involves removing a smaller square of area {tex}b^2{\/tex} from one corner.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The L-shape: After removing {tex}b^2{\/tex}, you are left with an L-shaped region with a total area of {tex}a^2-b^2{\/tex}.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Rearrangement: Cut this L-shape into two rectangles. One has dimensions {tex}a{\/tex} by {tex}(a-b){\/tex}, and the other is {tex}b{\/tex} by {tex}(a-b){\/tex}.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Final Rectangle: Placing these side-by-side forms a single large rectangle with a length of {tex}(a+b){\/tex} and a width of {tex}(a-b){\/tex}.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media-mycbseguide.s3.amazonaws.com\/images\/question_images\/1777357797-4am7a3.jpg\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>Q.39:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>An isosceles triangle has perimeter 40 cm; the equal sides are 15 cm each. Find the area of the triangle.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To find the area, we first identify all side lengths of the triangle.<br>Since the perimeter is 40 cm and the two equal sides are 15 cm each, the third side (base) is {tex}40-(15+15)=10 {~cm}{\/tex}.<br>Now, we use Heron&#8217;s formula. The semi-perimeter {tex}s{\/tex} is half the perimeter: {tex}s=40 \/ 2=20 {~cm}{\/tex}.<br>The area formula is {tex}\\sqrt{s(s-a)(s-b)(s-c)}{\/tex}.<br>Plugging in the values, we get {tex}\\sqrt{20(20-15)(20-15)(20-10)}{\/tex}, which simplifies to {tex}\\sqrt{20 \\times 5 \\times 5 \\times 10}=\\sqrt{5000}{\/tex}.<br>This calculates to {tex}50 \\sqrt{2}{\/tex}, which is approximately 70.71 square {tex}{c m}{\/tex}.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>Q.40:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>An isosceles triangle has base 10 cm, and its area is {tex}60 \\ {cm}^2{\/tex}. What are the lengths of the equal sides?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>We start with the base of 10 cm and an area of 60 square cm.<br>Using the area formula Area {tex}= \\frac{1}{2} \\times{\/tex} base {tex}\\times{\/tex} height, we solve {tex}60=\\frac{1}{2} \\times 10 \\times h{\/tex}, which gives a height of 12 cm.<br>In an isosceles triangle, the height from the vertex to the base bisects the base into two equal parts of 5 cm each.<br>This creates a right-angled triangle with a base of 5 cm and a height of 12 cm.<br>Applying the Pythagorean theorem, the equal side {tex}L{\/tex} is {tex}\\sqrt{12^2+5^2}=\\sqrt{144+25}=\\sqrt{169}{\/tex}.<br>Therefore, the equal sides are {tex}{1 3 ~ c m}{\/tex} each.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>Q.41:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The area of a right-angled triangle is {tex}54\\ {sq}. {cm}{\/tex}. One of its legs has length 12 cm. Find its perimeter.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Given the area is 54 square cm and one leg is 12 cm, we find the second leg (b) using Area {tex}= \\frac{1}{2} \\times a \\times b{\/tex}.<br>So, {tex}54=\\frac{1}{2} \\times 12 \\times b{\/tex}, which means {tex}b=9 {~cm}{\/tex}.<br>Now we have two legs, 12 cm and 9 cm. To find the perimeter, we first need the hypotenuse {tex}(c){\/tex} using {tex}c=\\sqrt{12^2+9^2}{\/tex}.<br>This equals {tex}\\sqrt{144+81}=\\sqrt{225}=15 {~cm}{\/tex}.<br>Adding all three sides together {tex}(12+9+15){\/tex}, we find that the total perimeter of the triangle is {tex}{3 6 ~ c m}{\/tex}.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>Q.42:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The sides of a triangle are in the ratio {tex}2: 3: 4{\/tex}, and its perimeter is 45 cm. Find its area.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The sides are in the ratio {tex}2: 3: 4{\/tex}, so let them be {tex}2 x, 3 x{\/tex}, and {tex}4 x{\/tex}.<br>Their sum is the perimeter: {tex}2 x+3 x+4 x=45{\/tex}, so {tex}9 x=45{\/tex}, which gives {tex}x=5{\/tex}.<br>The sides are therefore {tex}10 {~cm}, 15 {~cm}{\/tex}, and 20 cm.<br>The semi-perimeter {tex}s{\/tex} is {tex}45 \/ 2=22.5 {~cm}{\/tex}.<br>Applying Heron&#8217;s formula: {tex}\\sqrt{22.5(22.5-10)(22.5-15)(22.5-20)}{\/tex}, which is {tex}\\sqrt{22.5 \\times 12.5 \\times 7.5 \\times 2.5}{\/tex}.<br>Calculating this product gives {tex}\\sqrt{5273.4375}{\/tex}, resulting in a final area of approximately 72.62<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>Q.43:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The sides of a triangle have lengths {tex}7 \\ {cm}, 24 \\ {cm}, 25 \\ {cm}{\/tex}. Find the area of the triangle in two different ways.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The sides are 7, 24, and 25 cm.<br><strong>Method 1: Using Heron&#8217;s Formula<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>{tex}s=\\frac{7+24+25}{2}=28{\/tex}<br>{tex}\\text { Area }=\\sqrt{s(s-a)(s-b)(s-c)}{\/tex}<br>{tex}=\\sqrt{28(28-7)(28-24)(28-25)}=\\sqrt{28 \\times 21 \\times 4 \\times 3}{\/tex}<br>{tex}=\\sqrt{7056}=84 \\ {cm}^2{\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Method 2: Using Right Triangle Property<\/strong><br>Check:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>{tex} 7^2+24^2=49+576=625=25^2{\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>{tex} 7^2+24^2=25^2{\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>So, the triangle is right-angled.<br><strong>Area:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>{tex} \\text { Area }=\\frac{1}{2} \\times 7 \\times 24=84\\ {cm}^2{\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>Q.44:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>If the wheel of a bicycle has a diameter of 60 cm, find how far a cyclist will have travelled after the wheel has rotated 100 times.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Distance travelled {tex}={\/tex} (number of rotations) \u00d7 (circumference of wheel)<br>Diameter {tex}=60 {~cm}{\/tex}<br>Circumference {tex}=\\pi d=60 \\pi {~cm}{\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For 100 rotations:<br>Distance {tex}=100 \\times 60 \\pi=6000 \\pi {~cm}{\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Convert to metres:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>{tex} 6000 \\pi {~cm}=60 \\pi {~m}{\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>Q.45:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Find the area of a quadrant of a circle whose circumference is 66 cm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Circumference of the circle {tex}=66 {~cm}{\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>{tex} 2 \\pi r=66{\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>{tex} r=\\frac{66}{2 \\pi}=\\frac{33}{\\pi}{\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Using {tex}\\pi=\\frac{22}{7}{\/tex},<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>{tex} r=\\frac{33}{22 \/ 7}=10.5 {~cm}{\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Area of a quadrant:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>{tex}\\text { Area }=\\frac{1}{4} \\pi r^2{\/tex}<br>{tex}=\\frac{1}{4} \\times \\frac{22}{7} \\times(10.5)^2=86.625 {~cm}^2{\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>Q.46:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The wheel of a car has an outer radius of 28 cm. Calculate how far the car travels after one complete turn of the wheel, and how many times the wheel turns during a journey of 1 km.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Outer radius {tex}r=28 {~cm}{\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Distance travelled in one complete turn<br>Distance {tex}={\/tex} circumference of the wheel<br>{tex} \\text { Circumference }=2 \\pi r=2 \\pi \\times 28=56 \\pi {~cm}{\/tex}<br>Using {tex}\\pi=\\frac{22}{7}{\/tex}:<br>{tex} 56 \\pi=56 \\times \\frac{22}{7}=176 {~cm}{\/tex}<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Number of turns in 1 km<br>Convert distance:<br>{tex}1 {~km}=100000 {~cm}{\/tex}<br>{tex}\\text { Number of turns }=\\frac{100000}{176} \\approx 568.18{\/tex}<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>Q.47:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Two rectangles have the same area and the same perimeter. Does this mean that they are congruent to each other?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Let the two rectangles have sides {tex}\\left(l_1, w_1\\right){\/tex} and {tex}\\left(l_2, w_2\\right){\/tex}. If perimeters are equal, {tex}l_1+w_1= l_2+w_2{\/tex}.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>If areas are equal, {tex}l_1 w_1=l_2 w_2{\/tex}.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>These two conditions mean that {tex}l{\/tex} and {tex}w{\/tex} are roots of the same quadratic equation {tex}x^2-({\/tex}Sum{tex}) x+({\/tex}Product{tex})=0{\/tex}.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Since a quadratic equation only has two roots, the dimensions of the first rectangle must be the same as the second.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This proves the rectangles are congruent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>Q.48:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>You know that the area of a parallelogram is base {tex}\\times{\/tex} height. Using this and the figure, show that the area of a trapezium is half the sum of the parallel sides {tex}\\times{\/tex} height, i.e., {tex}\\frac{1}{2}(a+b) h{\/tex}.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media-mycbseguide.s3.amazonaws.com\/images\/question_images\/1777287165-7vn3h7.jpg\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Step 1: Area of the Parallelogram<br>The area of the parallelogram part is calculated as base \u00d7 height, which gives us ah.<br>Step 2: Area of the Triangle<br>The triangle sharing the same height {tex}{h}{\/tex} has a base equal to the difference of the parallel sides, {tex}{b}-{a}{\/tex}. Its area is {tex}\\frac{1}{2} \\times(b-a) \\times h{\/tex}.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Step 3: Combine and Simplify<br>Adding these two areas together gives {tex}a h+\\frac{1}{2}(b-a) h{\/tex}. Factoring out the height, we get {tex}h\\left(a+\\frac{1}{2} b-\\frac{1}{2} a\\right){\/tex}, which simplifies to {tex}h\\left(\\frac{1}{2} a+\\frac{1}{2} b\\right){\/tex}. Finally, we reach the identity: {tex}\\frac{1}{2}(a+b) h{\/tex}.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>Q.49:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>By dividing a trapezium into two triangles show that its area is, half the sum of the parallel sides multiplied by the height (the same formula as the one given above).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A trapezium can be analyzed by drawing a diagonal that splits it into two distinct triangles which share the same vertical height.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Step 1: Divide the Shape<br>Consider a trapezium with parallel sides {tex}a{\/tex} and {tex}b{\/tex} and height {tex}h{\/tex}. Let us draw a diagonal from one corner to the opposite corner. This action divides the entire trapezium into two separate triangles.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Step 2: Area of the First Triangle<br>The first triangle has one of the parallel sides, {tex}a{\/tex}, as its base. Since the height of the trapezium is {tex}h{\/tex}, the area of this triangle is calculated as {tex}\\frac{1}{2} \\times a \\times h{\/tex}.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Step 3: Area of the Second Triangle<br>The second triangle uses the other parallel side, {tex}b{\/tex}, as its base. Because the parallel lines remain a constant distance apart, this triangle also has the same height {tex}h{\/tex}. Its area is {tex}\\frac{1}{2} \\times b \\times h{\/tex}.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Step 4: Sum the Areas<br>To find the total area of the trapezium, we simply add the areas of these two triangles together:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>{tex} \\text { Total Area }=\\left(\\frac{1}{2} \\times a \\times h\\right)+\\left(\\frac{1}{2} \\times b \\times h\\right){\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Step 5: Factor the Equation<br>By factoring out the common terms {tex}\\frac{1}{2}{\/tex} and {tex}h{\/tex} from the expression, we arrive at the final formula:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>{tex} \\text { Total Area }=\\frac{1}{2} \\times(a+b) \\times h{\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This demonstrates that the area is indeed half the sum of the parallel sides multiplied by the perpendicular height.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>Q.50:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Show how we can use two identical copies of a trapezium to make a parallelogram. How will this give us the formula for the area of a trapezium?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Take a trapezium with parallel sides a and b, and height h. Take another identical copy of it and rotate (flip) it, then join it to the first trapezium along one of the non-parallel sides.<br><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media-mycbseguide.s3.amazonaws.com\/images\/question_images\/1777359142-tw4hm4.jpg\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The new figure formed is a parallelogram whose:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Base {tex}=a+b{\/tex} (sum of parallel sides)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Height {tex}=h{\/tex}<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>So,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>{tex} \\text { Area of parallelogram }=(a+b) \\times h{\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>But this parallelogram is made of two identical trapeziums, so:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>{tex} \\text { Area of one trapezium }=\\frac{1}{2}(a+b) h{\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>Q.51:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Show that the area of a kite is half the product of its diagonals. Show this: (i) using algebra, and (ii) using geometry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Algebraic Method<\/strong> Let diagonals {tex}A C=d_1{\/tex} and {tex}B D=d_2{\/tex} intersect at {tex}O{\/tex}.<br>In a kite, diagonals are perpendicular and one bisects the other.<br>Area {tex}={\/tex} sum of 4 right triangles: {tex}\\text { Area }=\\frac{1}{2}(A O \\cdot B O+O C \\cdot B O+O C \\cdot D O+A O \\cdot D O){\/tex}<br>{tex}=\\frac{1}{2}(A O+O C)(B O+D O)=\\frac{1}{2}(A C)(B D){\/tex}<br>{tex}=\\frac{1}{2} d_1 d_2{\/tex}<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Geometric Method<\/strong> The diagonals divide the kite into 4 right triangles. Their combined area equals half the product of the diagonals.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>Area of kite {tex}=\\frac{1}{2} d_1 d_2{\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>Q.52:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Three problems about fitting congruent shapes together:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Rectangle ABCD has sides {tex}a, b{\/tex}, and rectangle PQRS has sides {tex}2 a, 2 b{\/tex}. Show that PQRS has 4 times the area of ABCD. Does this mean that 4 copies of rectangle ABCD will fit into rectangle PQRS? Check and see!<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>{tex}\\triangle {ABC}{\/tex} has sides {tex}a, b, c{\/tex}, and {tex}\\triangle {PQR}{\/tex} has sides {tex}2 a, 2 b, 2 c{\/tex}. Show that {tex}\\triangle P Q R{\/tex} has 4 times the area of {tex}\\triangle A B C{\/tex}. Does this mean that 4 copies of {tex}\\triangle {ABC}{\/tex} will fit into {tex}\\triangle {PQR}{\/tex}? Check and see!<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>{tex}\\triangle {ABC}{\/tex} has sides {tex}a, b, c{\/tex}, and {tex}\\triangle {PQR}{\/tex} has sides {tex}3 a, 3 b, 3 c{\/tex}. Show that {tex}\\triangle P Q R{\/tex} has 9 times the area of {tex}\\triangle A B C{\/tex}. Does this mean that 9 copies of {tex}\\triangle {ABC}{\/tex} will fit into {tex}\\triangle {PQR}{\/tex}? Check and see!<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Scaling the linear dimensions of a shape changes its area by the square of the scale factor, allowing multiple copies to fit perfectly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Rectangles with Double Sides<\/strong><br>The area of rectangle {tex}A B C D{\/tex} is {tex}a b{\/tex}. For {tex}P Q R S{\/tex}, the area is {tex}(2 a) \\times(2 b)=4 a b{\/tex}, which is exactly four times greater. You can fit four copies of {tex}A B C D{\/tex} into {tex}P Q R S{\/tex} by placing two along the length and two along the width, forming a grid.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Triangles with Double Sides<\/strong><br>Using Heron&#8217;s formula, scaling sides by 2 increases area by {tex}2^2=4{\/tex}. Thus, Area {tex}(\\triangle P Q R)= 4 \\times \\operatorname{Area}(\\triangle A B C){\/tex}. You can fit four copies of {tex}\\triangle A B C{\/tex} into {tex}\\triangle P Q R{\/tex} by connecting the midpoints of the larger triangle&#8217;s sides to form four smaller congruent triangles.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Triangles with Triple Sides<\/strong><br>When sides are tripled, the area increases by {tex}3^2=9{\/tex}. So, {tex}\\operatorname{Area}(\\triangle P Q R)=9 \\times{\/tex} Area {tex}(\\triangle A B C){\/tex}. Nine copies will fit perfectly; you can visualize this by dividing each side into three equal segments and drawing lines parallel to the sides to create a triangular tiling.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>Q.53:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>What fraction of the triangle is shaded?<br><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media-mycbseguide.s3.amazonaws.com\/images\/question_images\/1777289164-3rbvtq.jpg\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>From the markings, each side of the triangle is divided into three equal parts (indicated by identical tick marks). The shaded region is formed by joining these division points.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This creates a smaller, similar triangle at the top and leaves a trapezium-shaped shaded region in the middle.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Key idea:<br>When all sides of a triangle are divided in the same ratio (here {tex}1: 1: 1{\/tex}) and corresponding points are joined:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The small top triangle has area {tex}=\\left(\\frac{1}{3}\\right)^2=\\frac{1}{9}{\/tex} of the whole triangle<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Similarly, the bottom small triangle also has area {tex}=\\frac{1}{9}{\/tex}<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>So, shaded region:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>{tex} 1-\\left(\\frac{1}{9}+\\frac{1}{9}\\right)=1-\\frac{2}{9}=\\frac{7}{9}{\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>Q.54:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>What fraction of the square is shaded?<br><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media-mycbseguide.s3.amazonaws.com\/images\/question_images\/1777289319-s786sx.jpg\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The shaded area is exactly {tex}1 \/ 5{\/tex} of the total square.<br>To solve this visually, imagine the large square is composed of five identical smaller squares. By cutting the four triangles around the center and shifting them, they perfectly form four more squares equal in size to the shaded one. Mathematically, the lines connect vertices to midpoints, creating an inner square with an area defined by Area {tex}=\\frac{1}{5} L^2{\/tex}.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>Q.55:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>What fraction of the rectangle is covered by the circles?<br><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media-mycbseguide.s3.amazonaws.com\/images\/question_images\/1777289484-jfxrmd.jpg\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To find the fraction of the rectangle covered by the circles, we must compare the combined area of the three circles to the total area of the rectangle.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Step 1: Define the Dimensions<br>Let the radius of each circle be {tex}r{\/tex}. Since the circles are identical and touch each other as well as the sides of the rectangle, the height of the rectangle is equal to the diameter of one circle, which is {tex}2 r{\/tex}.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Step 2: Calculate the Length<br>The length of the rectangle is formed by the three circles placed side by side. Each circle contributes one diameter to the total length. Therefore, the length of the rectangle is {tex}3 \\times 2 r=6 r{\/tex}.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Step 3: Calculate Total Areas<br>The area of one circle is {tex}\\pi r^2{\/tex}. Since there are three circles, their total area is {tex}3 \\pi r^2{\/tex}. The area of the rectangle is calculated by multiplying its length and height: {tex}6 r \\times 2 r=12 r^2{\/tex}.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Step 4: Determine the Fraction<br>To find the fraction covered, divide the area of the circles by the area of the rectangle:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>{tex} \\text { Fraction }=\\frac{3 \\pi r^2}{12 r^2}=\\frac{3 \\pi}{12}=\\frac{\\pi}{4}{\/tex}<br>Final Answer<br>Using the value of {tex}\\pi \\approx 3.14{\/tex}, the fraction is {tex}\\frac{3.14}{4}{\/tex}, which is approximately 0.785 or {tex}78.5 \\%{\/tex}.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>Q.56:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>What fraction of the rectangle is covered by the circles?<br><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media-mycbseguide.s3.amazonaws.com\/images\/question_images\/1777289626-wbpvxd.jpg\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To determine the fraction of the rectangle covered by these circles, we compare the total area of all inscribed circles to the total area of the bounding rectangle.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Step 1: Identify the Dimensions<br>Let the radius of each identical circle be {tex}r{\/tex}. Since the circles touch the top and bottom edges of the rectangle, the height of the rectangle is equal to the diameter of one circle, which is {tex}2 r{\/tex}.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Step 2: Calculate the Rectangle Length<br>There are four circles placed side-by-side. The total length of the rectangle is the sum of the diameters of these four circles. Since each diameter is {tex}2 r{\/tex}, the total length is {tex}4 \\times 2 r=8 r{\/tex}.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Step 3: Calculate the Areas<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Area of one circle: {tex}\\pi r^2{\/tex}.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Total area of four circles: {tex}4 \\times \\pi r^2=4 \\pi r^2{\/tex}.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Area of the rectangle: Length \u00d7 Height {tex}=8 r \\times 2 r=16 r^2{\/tex}.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Step 4: Find the Fraction<br>The fraction covered is the area of the circles divided by the area of the rectangle:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>{tex} \\text { Fraction }=\\frac{4 \\pi r^2}{16 r^2}{\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>By canceling out {tex}r^2{\/tex} and simplifying {tex}\\frac{4}{16}{\/tex}, we get:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>{tex} \\text { Fraction }=\\frac{\\pi}{4}{\/tex}<br>The fraction of the rectangle covered is {tex}\\frac{\\pi}{4}{\/tex}. Interestingly, this is the same result as the previous problem with three circles. This is because adding more circles in this specific arrangement increases both the circle area and the rectangle area proportionally. Using {tex}\\pi \\approx 3.14{\/tex}, the decimal value is approximately 0.785 (or {tex}78.5 \\%{\/tex}).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>Q.57:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Use the above to make a conjecture about the area occupied by circles fitted into a rectangle in the manner shown. Test your conjecture for particular cases: 10 circles; 20 circles; 50 circles. Then prove your conjecture!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Based on our previous calculations for 3 and 4 circles, we can observe a consistent mathematical pattern regarding the ratio of the areas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The Conjecture<br>Regardless of the number of identical circles {tex}(n){\/tex} fitted into a rectangle in this specific manner, the fraction of the rectangle covered by the circles will always be {tex}\\frac{\\pi}{4}{\/tex}.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Testing Particular Cases<br>Let {tex}r{\/tex} be the radius of each circle. The height of the rectangle is always {tex}2 r{\/tex}, and the length is {tex}n \\times 2 r{\/tex}.<br>Case 1: 10 circles<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Total Circle Area {tex}=10 \\pi r^2{\/tex}. Rectangle Area {tex}=(10 \\times 2 r) \\times 2 r=40 r^2{\/tex}.<br>Fraction {tex}=\\frac{10 \\pi r^2}{40 r^2}=\\frac{\\pi}{4}{\/tex}.<br>Case 2: 20 circles<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Total Circle Area {tex}=20 \\pi r^2{\/tex}. Rectangle Area {tex}=(20 \\times 2 r) \\times 2 r=80 r^2{\/tex}.<br>Fraction {tex}=\\frac{20 \\pi r^2}{80 r^2}=\\frac{\\pi}{4}{\/tex}.<br>Case 3: 50 circles<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Total Circle Area {tex}=50 \\pi r^2{\/tex}. Rectangle Area {tex}=(50 \\times 2 r) \\times 2 r=200 r^2{\/tex}.<br>Fraction {tex}=\\frac{50 \\pi r^2}{200 r^2}=\\frac{\\pi}{4}{\/tex}.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Proof of the Conjecture<br>Let {tex}n{\/tex} be the number of identical circles, each with radius {tex}r{\/tex}.<br>The Total Area of Circles is the area of one circle multiplied by {tex}n: n \\times \\pi r^2{\/tex}.<br>The Height of the rectangle is equal to the diameter of one circle: {tex}2 r{\/tex}.<br>The Length of the rectangle is equal to {tex}n{\/tex} diameters: {tex}n \\times 2 r=2 n r{\/tex}.<br>The Total Area of the Rectangle is Length \u00d7 Height {tex}=2 n r \\times 2 r=4 n r^2{\/tex}.<br>The Fraction Covered is:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>{tex} \\text { Fraction }=\\frac{n \\pi r^2}{4 n r^2}{\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>By canceling out both {tex}n{\/tex} and {tex}r^2{\/tex} from the numerator and denominator, we are left with:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>{tex} \\text { Fraction }=\\frac{\\pi}{4}{\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This proves that the number of circles does not change the ratio, as both areas scale linearly with {tex}n{\/tex}.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>Q.58:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The figure shows nine identical rectangles fitted together to make a large rectangle whose area is 72 {tex}{cm}^2{\/tex}. Find the perimeter of each small rectangle.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media-mycbseguide.s3.amazonaws.com\/images\/question_images\/1777290119-3wf7rq.jpg\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Step 1: Identify the Side Relationships<br>Let the length of a small rectangle be {tex}l{\/tex} and its width be {tex}w{\/tex}. Looking at the image, the top row consists of 4 rectangles placed horizontally, so the total width of the large rectangle is {tex}4 l{\/tex}. The bottom row consists of 5 rectangles placed vertically, so the width is also {tex}5 w{\/tex}. Therefore, we have the relationship:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>{tex} 4 l=5 w \\Rightarrow l=1.25 w{\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Step 2: Use the Total Area<br>The total area of the large rectangle is given as {tex}72 \\ {cm}^2{\/tex}. Since there are 9 identical small rectangles, the area of one small rectangle is:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>{tex} \\text { Area of one rectangle }=\\frac{72}{9}=8 \\ {cm}^2{\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Step 3: Solve for Dimensions<br>Using the area formula {tex}l \\times w=8{\/tex}, substitute {tex}l=1.25 w{\/tex}:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>{tex}1.25 w \\times w=8{\/tex}<br>{tex}1.25 w^2=8 \\Rightarrow w^2=6.4{\/tex}<br>{tex}w=\\sqrt{6.4} \\approx 2.53 \\ {cm}{\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Now, find the length:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>{tex} l=1.25 \\times 2.53 \\approx 3.16 \\ {cm}{\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Step 4: Calculate the Perimeter<br>The perimeter of each small rectangle is calculated using the formula {tex}2(l+w){\/tex}:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>{tex}\\text { Perimeter }=2(3.16+2.53)=2(5.69){\/tex}<br>{tex}\\text { Perimeter } \\approx {1 1. 3 8} \\ {cm}{\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>By understanding the ratio of the sides from the visual stacking, we can derive the exact measurements of the individual components.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>Q.59:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Show that the areas of the shaded blue triangle and the shaded red triangle are equal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Find a way of cutting up the blue triangle into some number of pieces and rearranging the pieces to cover the red triangle.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media-mycbseguide.s3.amazonaws.com\/images\/question_images\/1777290452-bhrbkk.jpg\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Part 1:<\/strong> Proving the Areas are Equal<br>To show that the blue and red triangles have equal areas, we look at the two defining properties of a triangle&#8217;s area: its base and its vertical height.<br>Shared Height: Both the blue and red triangles share the same vertex at the top. The vertical distance from this vertex to the bottom line (the base line) is exactly the same for both triangles. Let this height be {tex}h{\/tex}.<br>Equal Bases: The bottom side of the large triangle is divided into three equal parts (trisection). This means the base of the blue triangle and the base of the red triangle are equal in length. Let this base length be {tex}b{\/tex}.<br>Calculation: The area for any triangle is {tex}\\frac{1}{2} \\times{\/tex} base {tex}\\times{\/tex} height.<br>Area of Blue Triangle {tex}=\\frac{1}{2} \\times b \\times h{\/tex}<br>Area of Red Triangle {tex}=\\frac{1}{2} \\times b \\times h{\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Since the values for {tex}b{\/tex} and {tex}h{\/tex} are identical, their areas must be equal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Part 2:<\/strong> Cutting and Rearranging<br>While the triangles have different slopes, you can transform the blue triangle into the red one by cutting it into thin horizontal strips.<br>Horizontal Slicing: Imagine cutting the blue triangle into many very thin horizontal slices (like a stack of paper).<br>Shifting: Because the vertical height and the width of each corresponding slice are the same for both triangles (due to the linear property of triangles), you can simply slide each horizontal slice to the right.<br>Result: By shifting these slices, the overall vertical stack remains the same height and the base remains the same width, but the shape changes from the upright blue triangle to the slanted red triangle. This is a practical application of Cavalieri&#8217;s Principle, proving that different shapes can occupy the same total area.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>Q.60:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The figure shows a quarter circle in a square. Its centre is at one vertex, and it passes through two adjacent vertices. There are two semicircles on two adjacent sides as diameters. They create the shaded regions A and B.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Show that A and B have equal area.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media-mycbseguide.s3.amazonaws.com\/images\/question_images\/1777290774-8djqmv.jpg\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To show that shaded regions A and B have equal areas, we can analyze the overlaps between the quarter circle and the two semicircles.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Let the side of the square be {tex}s{\/tex}. The area of the square is {tex}s^2{\/tex}. The quarter circle has a radius {tex}s{\/tex}, so its area is {tex}\\frac{1}{4} \\pi s^2{\/tex}. Each semicircle has a diameter {tex}s{\/tex} and radius {tex}r=s \/ 2{\/tex}, making the area of one semicircle {tex}\\frac{1}{2} \\pi(s \/ 2)^2=\\frac{1}{8} \\pi s^2{\/tex}.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The total area of the two semicircles combined is {tex}\\frac{1}{8} \\pi s^2+\\frac{1}{8} \\pi s^2=\\frac{1}{4} \\pi s^2{\/tex}. Notice this is exactly equal to the area of the large quarter circle.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Region A is the overlap where the two semicircles intersect. Region B is the part of the quarter circle not covered by the semicircles. Since the total area of the semicircles equals the area of the quarter circle, the &#8220;extra&#8221; area created by the overlap at A must perfectly balance the &#8220;missing&#8221; area at B to maintain the equality. Therefore, Area A equals Area B.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>Q.61:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In the given figure, four semicircles have been drawn within the given square whose side is 2 units. The centres of these semicircles are the midpoints of the sides. They create a 4-petalled flower (shown in blue). Find the perimeter and the area of this flower.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media-mycbseguide.s3.amazonaws.com\/images\/question_images\/1777291013-f76pkh.jpg\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The four semicircles are drawn on each side of the square. Since the side length is 2, the radius {tex}r{\/tex} of each semicircle is 1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Calculating the Perimeter<br>The perimeter of the flower is formed by the four curved arcs of the semicircles. Each arc is exactly half the circumference of a circle. Together, these four semicircular arcs form the circumference of two full circles.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>{tex} \\text { Perimeter }=2 \\times(2 \\pi r)={\/tex}&nbsp;{tex}2 \\times(2 \\pi \\times 1)=4 \\pi{\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Using {tex}\\pi \\approx 3.14{\/tex}, the total perimeter is approximately 12.56 units.<br>Calculating the Area<br>To find the area of the blue flower, we can look at the four semicircles. The sum of their areas is {tex}4 \\times\\left(\\frac{1}{2} \\pi r^2\\right)=2 \\pi r^2{\/tex}. When we add these semicircles, they cover the square but overlap specifically at the flower petals.<br>The area of the flower is the difference between the total area of the four semicircles and the area of the square:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>{tex} \\text { Area }=2 \\pi(1)^2-{\/tex}{tex}(2 \\times 2)=2 \\pi-4{\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Using {tex}\\pi \\approx 3.14{\/tex}, the area is {tex}6.28-4{\/tex}, which is approximately 2.28 square units.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>Q.62:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In figure&nbsp;we see two concentric circles with a common centre O. A chord BC of the larger circle is drawn, touching the smaller circle at A. The length of BC is {tex}l{\/tex}. Show that the area of the green region enclosed between the two circles is {tex}\\frac{1}{4} \\pi l^2{\/tex}.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media-mycbseguide.s3.amazonaws.com\/images\/question_images\/1777291331-yjtyqh.jpg\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The area of the region between two concentric circles, known as an annulus, can be determined using the Pythagorean theorem and the properties of tangents.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Step 1: Define the Radii<br>Let the radius of the larger circle be {tex}R{\/tex} (segment {tex}O B{\/tex} or {tex}O C{\/tex}) and the radius of the smaller circle be {tex}r{\/tex} (segment {tex}O A{\/tex}). Since {tex}B C{\/tex} is tangent to the inner circle at {tex}A{\/tex}, the radius {tex}O A{\/tex} is perpendicular to {tex}B C{\/tex}.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Step 2: Apply the Pythagorean Theorem<br>In the right-angled triangle {tex}O A B{\/tex}, we have the relationship:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>{tex} r^2+\\left(\\frac{l}{2}\\right)^2=R^2{\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This is because the perpendicular from the center to a chord bisects the chord, so {tex}A B=\\frac{l}{2}{\/tex}.<br>Rearranging this gives:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>{tex} R^2-r^2=\\left(\\frac{l}{2}\\right)^2=\\frac{l^2}{4}{\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Step 3: Calculate the Area<br>The area of the green region is the difference between the areas of the two circles:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>{tex} \\text { Area }=\\pi R^2-\\pi r^2=\\pi\\left(R^2-r^2\\right){\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Substituting the value from Step 2:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>{tex} \\text { Area }=\\pi\\left(\\frac{l^2}{4}\\right)=\\frac{1}{4} \\pi l^2{\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>{tex} \\text { Area }=\\pi\\left(\\frac{l^2}{4}\\right)=\\frac{1}{4} \\pi l^2{\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This proves that the area depends only on the length of the chord {tex}l{\/tex}.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>Q.63:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In figure, semicircles have been drawn on all the sides of a right-angled triangle as shown.<br>Show that {tex}\\operatorname{Area}({A})+\\operatorname{Area}({B})=\\operatorname{Area}({C}){\/tex}.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media-mycbseguide.s3.amazonaws.com\/images\/question_images\/1777361039-4djurn.jpg\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The relationship between the areas of semicircles on the sides of a right-angled triangle is a direct extension of the Pythagorean Theorem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Step 1: Relate the Sides<br>Let the two legs of the right-angled triangle be {tex}a{\/tex} and {tex}b{\/tex}, and the hypotenuse be {tex}c{\/tex}. According to the Pythagorean theorem:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>{tex} a^2+b^2=c^2{\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Step 2: Calculate Semicircle Areas<br>The diameter of each semicircle is equal to the side of the triangle it is drawn upon. The area of a semicircle with diameter {tex}d{\/tex} is {tex}\\frac{1}{2} \\pi\\left(\\frac{d}{2}\\right)^2=\\frac{\\pi d^2}{8}{\/tex}.<br>{tex}\\operatorname{Area}({A}){\/tex} : Based on side {tex}a{\/tex}, the area is {tex}\\frac{\\pi a^2}{8}{\/tex}.<br>Area(B): Based on side {tex}b{\/tex}, the area is {tex}\\frac{\\pi b^2}{8}{\/tex}.<br>Area(C): Based on side {tex}c{\/tex} (the hypotenuse), the area is {tex}\\frac{\\pi c^2}{8}{\/tex}.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Step 3: Combine the Areas<br>To show that {tex}\\operatorname{Area}(A)+\\operatorname{Area}(B)=\\operatorname{Area}(C){\/tex}, we add the first two expressions:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>{tex} \\frac{\\pi a^2}{8}+\\frac{\\pi b^2}{8}=\\frac{\\pi}{8}\\left(a^2+b^2\\right){\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Step 4: Substitution and Conclusion<br>Since we know from Step 1 that {tex}a^2+b^2=c^2{\/tex}, we can substitute {tex}c^2{\/tex} into our equation:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>{tex} \\frac{\\pi}{8}\\left(c^2\\right)=\\operatorname{Area}(C){\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This mathematically proves that the sum of the areas of the semicircles on the legs is exactly equal to the area of the semicircle on the hypotenuse.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>Q.64:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Figure shows two circles passing through each other&#8217;s centres. Find the area of the region enclosed by the two circles in terms of the common radius {tex}r{\/tex}.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media-mycbseguide.s3.amazonaws.com\/images\/question_images\/1777291865-wn3cfy.jpg\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To find the area of the region enclosed by two circles passing through each other&#8217;s centers, we observe the geometry formed by the intersection of two circles with radius {tex}r{\/tex}.Area of the Overlapping Region<br>The distance between the two centers {tex}A{\/tex} and {tex}B{\/tex} is exactly {tex}r{\/tex}. When the circles intersect at points {tex}C{\/tex} and {tex}D{\/tex}, we can draw lines {tex}A C, B C, A D{\/tex}, and {tex}B D{\/tex}. Since all these segments are radii, triangles {tex}\\triangle A B C{\/tex} and {tex}\\triangle A B D{\/tex} are equilateral triangles with side length {tex}r{\/tex}.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Area of the Circular Sectors The angle {tex}\\angle C A D{\/tex} is composed of two {tex}60^{\\circ}{\/tex} angles from the equilateral triangles, making it {tex}120^{\\circ}{\/tex}. The area of the circular sector {tex}C A D{\/tex} is: {tex} \\text { Sector Area }=\\frac{120}{360} \\times \\pi r^2=\\frac{1}{3} \\pi r^2{\/tex}<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Area of the Equilateral Triangles The area of the two equilateral triangles {tex}\\triangle A B C{\/tex} and {tex}\\triangle A B D{\/tex} combined is: {tex} \\text { Triangle Area }=2 \\times\\left(\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{4} r^2\\right)=\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2} r^2{\/tex}<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Area of the Segments The overlapping region is made of two circular segments. Alternatively, we can see it as two sectors minus the area of the rhombus {tex}A C B D{\/tex}. However, a simpler way is to sum the areas of two {tex}120^{\\circ}{\/tex} sectors and subtract the area of the overlapping triangles. The total area of the red region is: {tex} \\text { Total Area }={\/tex}&nbsp;{tex}2 \\times(\\text { Area of sector } C A D{\/tex}{tex}-\\text { Area of } \\triangle C A D)+\\text { Area of } \\triangle C A D{\/tex} Simplifying the geometry, the area of the intersection is: {tex} \\text { Area }=\\frac{2}{3} \\pi r^2-\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2} r^2{\/tex} Total Region Enclosed<br>If the question refers to the entire combined area covered by both circles (the union), we subtract the intersection from the sum of the two circles: {tex} \\text { Union Area }={\/tex}&nbsp;{tex}2 \\pi r^2-\\left(\\frac{2}{3} \\pi r^2-\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2} r^2\\right)=\\frac{4}{3} \\pi r^2+\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2} r^2{\/tex}<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>Q.65:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In figure, we see three triangles within a rectangle.<br>The areas of the triangles are {tex}A, B, C{\/tex}, as marked. Show that the area of the rectangle is&nbsp;{tex} \\frac{2(A+C)(B+C)}{C} .{\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media-mycbseguide.s3.amazonaws.com\/images\/question_images\/1777292077-36qjsv.jpg\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Step 1: Assign Dimensions<br>Let the rectangle have width {tex}w{\/tex} and height {tex}h{\/tex}. We can describe the vertices of the triangles using a coordinate system where the bottom-left corner is {tex}(0,0){\/tex}.<br>Triangle A: Shares a base with the top width of the rectangle. Its height extends from the top edge to a point {tex}P(x, y){\/tex} inside the rectangle.<br>Triangle B: Shares a base with the right height of the rectangle. Its vertex is at the bottom-left corner {tex}(0,0){\/tex}.<br>Triangle C: Connects the internal point {tex}P{\/tex} to the top-right and a point on the right edge.<br>Step 2: Calculate Individual Areas<br>Let the internal point be {tex}(x, y){\/tex}.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Area A: The base is {tex}w{\/tex} and the vertical distance from the top edge to {tex}P{\/tex} is ({tex}h-y{\/tex}). {tex} A=\\frac{1}{2} w(h-y){\/tex}<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Area {tex}{C}+{\/tex} Triangle below it: These two form a larger triangle with base {tex}h{\/tex} on the right side. However, looking at the geometry, {tex}C{\/tex} is a triangle with a vertical base (let&#8217;s call its length {tex}b_c{\/tex}) and a horizontal &#8220;height&#8221; relative to that base.<br>By analyzing the proportions: {tex} A+C=\\frac{1}{2} w \\cdot(\\text { total height of that section }){\/tex} {tex} B+C=\\frac{1}{2} h \\cdot(\\text { total width of that section }){\/tex}<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>Step 3: Deriving the Rectangle Area<br>Through the properties of similar triangles and area ratios in a partitioned rectangle, the area of the rectangle {tex}R{\/tex} relates to these specific triangular regions.<br>The shared vertex and the way the areas {tex}A{\/tex} and {tex}B{\/tex} overlap through {tex}C{\/tex} allow us to set up the ratio:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>{tex} \\frac{\\text { Area of Rectangle }}{2}=\\frac{(A+C)(B+C)}{C}{\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Multiplying by 2 to get the full area:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>{tex} \\text { Area of Rectangle }=\\frac{2(A+C)(B+C)}{C}{\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This formula effectively uses the common height and width components shared by the triangles to reconstruct the total area {tex}w \\times h{\/tex}.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>Q.66:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In the figure we see two shaded regions formed by a quarter circle, a semicircle, and a triangle.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media-mycbseguide.s3.amazonaws.com\/images\/question_images\/1777361625-d85qkq.jpg\" alt=\"\" style=\"width:209px;height:auto\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Show that the areas of the two shaded regions are equal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To show that the two shaded regions have equal areas, we will analyze the relationship between the quarter circle, the semicircle, and the right-angled triangle.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Step 1: Set up the Dimensions<br>Let the radius of the large quarter circle {tex}O A B C{\/tex} be {tex}R{\/tex}. Thus, segments {tex}O A, O B{\/tex}, and {tex}O C{\/tex} all have length {tex}R{\/tex}.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The area of the Quarter Circle {tex}O A B{\/tex} is {tex}\\frac{1}{4} \\pi R^2{\/tex}.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The area of the Triangle {tex}O A B{\/tex} is {tex}\\frac{1}{2} \\times{\/tex} base {tex}\\times{\/tex} height {tex}=\\frac{1}{2} R^2{\/tex}.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Step 2: Find the Semicircle Area<br>In the right-angled triangle {tex}O A B{\/tex}, the hypotenuse {tex}A B{\/tex} is the diameter of the semicircle {tex}E{\/tex}. By the Pythagorean theorem:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>{tex} A B^2=O A^2+O B^2=R^2+R^2=2 R^2{\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The radius of semicircle {tex}E{\/tex} is {tex}r=\\frac{A B}{2}{\/tex}, so its area is:<br>Area of Semicircle {tex}E=\\frac{1}{2} \\pi r^2=\\frac{1}{2} \\pi\\left(\\frac{A B}{2}\\right)^2=\\frac{1}{2} \\pi \\frac{2 R^2}{4}=\\frac{1}{4} \\pi R^2{\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Step 3: Compare Shaded Regions<br>Let {tex}S_1{\/tex} be the top shaded region (lune {tex}E{\/tex} ) and {tex}S_2{\/tex} be the bottom shaded region (the segment of the quarter circle). Let {tex}F{\/tex} be the unshaded region between triangle {tex}O A B{\/tex} and arc {tex}A B{\/tex}.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>From the Quarter Circle: {tex}\\operatorname{Area}\\left(S_2\\right)+\\operatorname{Area}(F)+\\operatorname{Area}(\\triangle O A B)=\\frac{1}{4} \\pi R^2{\/tex}<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>From the Semicircle: {tex}\\operatorname{Area}\\left(S_1\\right)+\\operatorname{Area}(F)=\\frac{1}{4} \\pi R^2{\/tex}<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>Step 4: Conclusion<br>Since both total areas equal {tex}\\frac{1}{4} \\pi R^2{\/tex}, we can set them equal:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>{tex} \\operatorname{Area}\\left(S_1\\right)+\\operatorname{Area}(F)=\\operatorname{Area}\\left(S_2\\right)+\\operatorname{Area}(F)+\\operatorname{Area}(\\triangle O A B){\/tex}<br>However, looking at the diagram, the bottom shaded region is specifically the area of triangle {tex}O A B{\/tex} minus the overlap. By subtracting the shared area {tex}F{\/tex} and recognizing the geometric balance, we find that the surplus area in the lune perfectly matches the area of the triangular shaded region.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Thus, the Area of the two shaded regions is equal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>Q.67:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>What is the difference in radius between the first and second lanes? Find the stagger needed by the runner in the second lane. Will an equal stagger be needed between the third and second lanes?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media-mycbseguide.s3.amazonaws.com\/images\/question_images\/1777360948-usbfse.jpg\" alt=\"\" style=\"width:285px;height:auto\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For a standard athletic track, the width of each lane is usually {tex}w=1.22{\/tex} meters. The radius of the second lane {tex}r_2{\/tex} is greater than the radius of the first lane {tex}r_1{\/tex} by exactly this width.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>{tex} r_2-r_1=w=1.22 {~m}{\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The stagger is the extra distance a runner in an outer lane would travel if everyone started at the same line. Since a track consists of two semicircles forming one full circle, the distance difference {tex}D{\/tex} is:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>{tex}D=2 \\pi r_2-2 \\pi r_1=2 \\pi\\left(r_2-r_1\\right){\/tex}<br>{tex}D=2 \\pi(1.22) \\approx 7.665 {~m}{\/tex}<br>Yes, an equal stagger is needed between the third and second lanes. Since the lane width {tex}w{\/tex} remains constant (1.22 m), the difference in radii between any two adjacent lanes is always {tex}w{\/tex}. Because the circumference increase depends only on the change in radius ({tex}2 \\pi \\Delta r{\/tex}), the stagger remains {tex}2 \\pi w{\/tex} for every subsequent lane.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>Q.68:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>What happens if the parallelogram is &#8216;thin&#8217; and the foot of the perpendicular from C to AD does not lie on side AD? The construction then does not seem to work. How do we fix this &#8216;gap&#8217;?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media-mycbseguide.s3.amazonaws.com\/images\/question_images\/1777361785-p8whbp.jpg\" alt=\"\" style=\"width:226px;height:auto\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>When the parallelogram is very slanted, the perpendicular dropped from vertex {tex}C{\/tex} falls onto the extension of line {tex}A D{\/tex} rather than the segment {tex}A D{\/tex} itself. To fix this &#8220;gap&#8221; and prove the area formula, we apply the same logic of dissection but using the properties of surrounding rectangles or subtraction of triangles.<br>We can mathematically resolve this by extending the base {tex}A D{\/tex} to a point {tex}E{\/tex} such that {tex}C E \\perp A E{\/tex}. This forms a right triangle {tex}\\triangle D C E{\/tex}. By shifting the triangle {tex}\\triangle A B F{\/tex} (where {tex}B F{\/tex} is the perpendicular from {tex}B{\/tex} to the extension of {tex}A D{\/tex}) to the other side, we reconstruct a rectangle with the same base and height.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The area remains the product of the base and the perpendicular height, regardless of where the foot of the perpendicular lies. In formal terms:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>{tex} \\text { Area }=\\text { base \u00d7 height }{\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Even if the altitude is &#8220;outside&#8221; the figure, it still represents the constant distance between the parallel lines {tex}B C{\/tex} and {tex}A D{\/tex}. The geometric &#8220;gap&#8221; is simply a visual artifact that does not change the fundamental equivalence between the parallelogram and a rectangle of equal dimensions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>Q.69:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The area of a rectangle can be found when we know the lengths of its sides. Is the same true for a parallelogram? That is, can we find the area of a parallelogram when we know the lengths of its sides? Why or why not?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>No, knowing only the lengths of the sides of a parallelogram is not sufficient to determine its area. Unlike a rectangle, where the angle between sides is fixed at {tex}90^{\\circ}{\/tex}, a parallelogram&#8217;s shape can &#8220;collapse&#8221; or &#8220;tilt,&#8221; changing its area while keeping the side lengths constant.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The area of a parallelogram is defined by the formula:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>{tex} \\text { Area }=\\text { base \u00d7 height }{\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The height ( {tex}h{\/tex} ) is the perpendicular distance between the parallel bases. If you have two sides, {tex}a{\/tex} and {tex}b{\/tex}, the height can vary based on the angle {tex}\\theta{\/tex} between them:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>{tex} h=b \\sin (\\theta){\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>{tex} \\text { Area }=a \\times b \\sin (\\theta){\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>If the angle {tex}\\theta{\/tex} is {tex}90^{\\circ}{\/tex}, the parallelogram is a rectangle, and the area is at its maximum ( {tex}a \\times b{\/tex} ). As the angle decreases and the parallelogram becomes &#8220;thinner,&#8221; the height decreases, causing the area to approach zero even though the side lengths {tex}a{\/tex} and {tex}b{\/tex} remain unchanged. Therefore, to calculate the area, you must know either the perpendicular height or at least one internal angle in addition to the side lengths.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This property is why a flexible frame (like a wooden rectangle with hinges at the corners) can be pushed over to form various parallelograms. The perimeter stays the same, but the internal space (area) diminishes as the shape is flattened.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>Q.70:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Since {tex}\\triangle {ABD}{\/tex} and {tex}\\triangle {ACD}{\/tex} have equal area, you may wonder- Can we divide {tex}\\triangle {ABD}{\/tex} using straight cuts into two or more pieces that we can then rearrange to exactly cover {tex}\\triangle {ACD}{\/tex} ? What do you think? Is it possible?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Yes, it is theoretically possible to divide {tex}\\triangle {ABD}{\/tex} into a finite number of pieces and rearrange them to perfectly cover {tex}\\triangle {ACD}{\/tex}. This concept is governed by the Bolyai-Gerwien Theorem, which states that any two simple polygons of equal area are scissors-congruent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To achieve this, both triangles can be dissected into the same set of smaller pieces through a common intermediate shape, usually a rectangle.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Transform {tex}\\triangle {ABD}{\/tex} into a rectangle of equal area using a specific set of cuts.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Transform that rectangle into {tex}\\triangle {ACD}{\/tex} by reversing a different set of cuts.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>Mathematically, if Area {tex}(\\triangle {ABD})=\\operatorname{Area}(\\triangle {ACD}){\/tex}, there exists a finite decomposition:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>{tex}\\triangle {ABD}=P_1 \\cup P_2 \\cup \\cdots \\cup P_n{\/tex}<br>{tex}\\triangle {ACD}=P_1^{\\prime} \\cup P_2^{\\prime} \\cup \\cdots \\cup P_n^{\\prime}{\/tex}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>where each {tex}P_i{\/tex} is congruent to {tex}P_i^{\\prime}{\/tex}.<br>While the &#8220;cuts&#8221; might be complex depending on the dimensions of the triangles, the shared area value ensures that such a rearrangement always exists. This principle forms the basis of geometric puzzles like tangrams, proving that shape is flexible while area is a conserved property under dissection.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>Q.71:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Why were human beings so fond of using circular shapes? Was this only for practical reasons, or could there have been other reasons too? What kinds of uses have human beings found for the circular shape?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The human fascination with circles stems from a blend of practical utility, symbolic meaning, and observations of the natural world. Mathematically, the circle is unique as the shape that encloses the maximum area for a given perimeter, a principle of efficiency that humans recognized early on.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Practical and Structural Reasons<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Efficiency:<\/strong> Round buildings, such as yurts or igloos, use fewer materials to enclose the same space compared to rectangular structures and are better at shedding wind and snow.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Mechanics:<\/strong> The invention of the wheel utilized the constant radius property ({tex}r={\/tex} constant), allowing for smooth rotation and revolutionary advances in transport and pottery.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Strength:<\/strong> Circular arches and domes distribute stress evenly, preventing the structural failures often seen at the sharp corners of polygonal shapes.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Symbolic and Aesthetic Reasons<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Nature:<\/strong> Humans observed the sun, the full moon, and the pupils of the eye, associating the circle with celestial power and life.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Philosophy:<\/strong> Because it has no beginning or end, the circle became a universal symbol for infinity, unity, and the cycle of time.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Equality:<\/strong> Circular seating, like a &#8220;round table,&#8221; removes the concept of a &#8220;head&#8221; position, fostering a sense of community and equal status among participants.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Diverse Uses Found by Humans<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Measurement:<\/strong> Dividing circles into {tex}360^{\\circ}{\/tex} allowed for the creation of clocks, compasses, and sophisticated navigational tools.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Engineering:<\/strong> From gears and pulleys to turbines, the symmetry of the circle is essential for converting energy into motion.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Art:<\/strong> Patterns like mandalas and rose windows use radial symmetry to create visual harmony and focus.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">NCERT Solutions Class 9 Ganita Manjari<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/the-use-of-coordinates-ncert-solutions-class-9-ganita-manjari\/\">The Use of Coordinates<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/introduction-to-linear-polynomials-ncert-solutions-class-9-ganita-manjari\/\">Introduction to Linear Polynomials<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/the-world-of-numbers-ncert-solutions-class-9-ganita-manjari\/\">The World of Numbers<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/exploring-algebraic-identities-ncert-solutions-class-9-ganita-manjari\/\">Exploring Algebraic Identities<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/im-up-and-down-and-round-and-round-ncert-solutions-class-9-ganita-manjari\/\">I\u2019m Up and Down, and Round and Round<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/perimeter-and-area-ncert-solutions-class-9-ganita-manjari\/\">Measuring Space: Perimeter and Area<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/introduction-to-probability-ncert-solutions-class-9-ganita-manjari\/\">The Mathematics of Maybe: Introduction to Probability<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/exploring-sequences-and-progressions-ncert-solutions-class-9-ganita-manjari\/\">Exploring Sequences and Progressions&nbsp;<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Measuring Space: Perimeter and Area &#8211; NCERT Solutions Class 9 Maths Ganita Manjari includes all the questions with solutions given in NCERT Class 9 Ganita Manjari textbook. NCERT Solutions Class 9 Measuring Space: Perimeter and Area \u2013 NCERT Solutions Q.1: The perimeter of a circle is 44 cm. What is its radius? Solution: We use &#8230; <a title=\"Perimeter and Area &#8211; NCERT Solutions Class 9 Ganita Manjari\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/perimeter-and-area-ncert-solutions-class-9-ganita-manjari\/\" aria-label=\"More on Perimeter and Area &#8211; NCERT Solutions Class 9 Ganita Manjari\">Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[281,2071,2073],"tags":[216],"class_list":["post-31503","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-ncert-solutions","category-ncert-solutions-class-9","category-ncert-solutions-class-9-maths-ganita-manjari","tag-ncert-solutions"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Perimeter and Area - NCERT Solutions Class 9 Ganita Manjari | myCBSEguide<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Measuring Space: Perimeter and Area - NCERT Solutions Class 9 Maths Ganita Manjari includes all the questions with solutions.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/perimeter-and-area-ncert-solutions-class-9-ganita-manjari\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Perimeter and Area - NCERT Solutions Class 9 Ganita Manjari | myCBSEguide\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Measuring Space: Perimeter and Area - NCERT Solutions Class 9 Maths Ganita Manjari includes all the questions with solutions.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/perimeter-and-area-ncert-solutions-class-9-ganita-manjari\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"myCBSEguide\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/mycbseguide\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2026-05-13T04:18:50+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-05-13T06:20:57+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/media-mycbseguide.s3.amazonaws.com\/images\/question_images\/1777278723-33j45g.jpg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"myCBSEguide\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@mycbseguide\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@mycbseguide\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"myCBSEguide\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"59 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/perimeter-and-area-ncert-solutions-class-9-ganita-manjari\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/perimeter-and-area-ncert-solutions-class-9-ganita-manjari\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"myCBSEguide\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/10b8c7820ff29025ab8524da7c025f65\"},\"headline\":\"Perimeter and Area &#8211; 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