{"id":10142,"date":"2018-02-16T10:13:43","date_gmt":"2018-02-16T04:43:43","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/?p=10142"},"modified":"2018-03-17T16:17:53","modified_gmt":"2018-03-17T10:47:53","slug":"confrontation-cultures-class-11-notes-history","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/confrontation-cultures-class-11-notes-history\/","title":{"rendered":"Confrontation of Cultures class 11 Notes History"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_76 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 eztoc-toggle-hide-by-default' ><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-2' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/confrontation-cultures-class-11-notes-history\/#CBSE_Guide_Confrontation_of_Cultures_class_11_Notes\" >CBSE Guide Confrontation of Cultures class 11 Notes<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/confrontation-cultures-class-11-notes-history\/#Confrontation_of_Cultures_class_11_Notes_History\" >Confrontation of Cultures class 11 Notes History<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/confrontation-cultures-class-11-notes-history\/#Download_Revision_Notes_as_PDF\" >Download Revision Notes as PDF<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-2' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/confrontation-cultures-class-11-notes-history\/#Confrontation_of_Cultures_class_11_Notes\" >Confrontation of Cultures class 11 Notes<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/confrontation-cultures-class-11-notes-history\/#CBSE_Class-11_Revision_Notes_and_Key_Points\" >CBSE Class-11 Revision Notes and Key Points<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<p>CBSE History Chapter 8 Confrontation of Cultures class 11 Notes History in PDF are available for free download in myCBSEguide mobile app. The best app for CBSE students now provides Confrontation of Cultures class 11 Notes History latest chapter wise notes for quick preparation of CBSE exams and school based annual examinations. Class 11 History notes on Chapter 8 Confrontation of Cultures class 11 Notes History are also available for download in CBSE Guide website.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"CBSE_Guide_Confrontation_of_Cultures_class_11_Notes\"><\/span><strong>CBSE Guide Confrontation of Cultures class 11 Notes<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>CBSE guide notes are the comprehensive notes which covers the latest syllabus of CBSE and NCERT. It includes all the topics given in NCERT class 11 History text book. Users can download CBSE guide quick revision notes from myCBSEguide mobile app and my CBSE guide website.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Confrontation_of_Cultures_class_11_Notes_History\"><\/span><strong>Confrontation of Cultures class 11 Notes History<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Download CBSE class 11th revision notes for Chapter 8 Confrontation of Cultures class 11 Notes History in PDF format for free. Download revision notes for Confrontation of Cultures class 11 Notes History and score high in exams. These are the Confrontation of Cultures class 11 Notes History prepared by team of expert teachers. The revision notes help you revise the whole chapter in minutes. Revising notes in exam days is on of the best tips recommended by teachers during exam days.<\/p>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Download_Revision_Notes_as_PDF\"><\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/downloads\/cbse-class-11-history\/1870\/cbse-revision-notes\/7\/\"><strong>Download Revision Notes as PDF<\/strong><\/a><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><strong>Confrontation of Cultures class 11 Notes History<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>SNIPPETS FROM THE CHAPTER:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>It reflects the encounters between European and the people of the America between fifteenth and seventeenth centuries. The fifteenth century was the age of geographical discoveries mainly influenced by new scientific inventions, travellers&#8217; accounts, political and religious motives, etc.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Reasons:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>In 1942, a Spanish sailor Christopher Columbus discovered America. Later on, Italian explorer <strong>Amerigo Vespucci <\/strong>came to South America in 1499 and called it a New World.<\/li>\n<li>Economic motives spurred the European voyages and discoveries.<\/li>\n<li>The invention of compass in 1380 helped the sailors to sail independently in different directions.<\/li>\n<li>Astrolabe\u00a0was invented which helped the sailors to look beyond the normal vision and helped them to avoid the marine danger.<\/li>\n<li>The Americas are home to many native tribes; the world\u2019s largest river &#8211; the Amazon flows here. There were communities of the natives such as the <em>Arawakian Lucayos <\/em>and the <em>Caribs<\/em>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1. Native American Culture<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>(a)<u> Small Subsistence Economies<\/u><\/p>\n<p>(i) <strong>Arawaks <\/strong>(Bahamas)<\/p>\n<p>(b) <u>Developed Culture<\/u><\/p>\n<p>(i) <strong>Aztecs <\/strong>(Mexico)<\/p>\n<p>(ii) <strong>Mayas <\/strong>(Central America)<\/p>\n<p>(iii) <strong>Incas <\/strong>(West Coast &amp;\u00a0South America)<\/p>\n<p><strong>THE ARAWAKS (BAHAMAS)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The Arawakian Lucayos lived on a cluster of hundreds of small islands in the Caribbean Sea, today known as the <strong>Bahamas<\/strong>, and the Greater Antilles.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Economic activities of Arawaks (Bahamas)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>(a) They produced food collectively\u00a0to feed everyone in the community.<br \/>\n(b) They had self-sufficient economy.<br \/>\n(c) They were skilled boat-buildiers, they sailed the o.pen sea in dugout canoes (canoes made from hollow tree trunks).<br \/>\n(d) They lived by hunting, fishing and agriculture<br \/>\n(e)\u00a0They grew food products like- corn, sweet potatoes, tubers and cassava.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Religious &amp; social life of Arawaks (Bahamas)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>(a) Polygamy was common in their society.<br \/>\n(b) They were animist (they\u00a0believe that even objects regarded by modern science as \u2018inanimate\u2019 may have life or a soul).<br \/>\n(c) Shamans\u00a0played an important role as healers and intermediaries between this world and that of the supernatural<br \/>\n(d) They were superstitions.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Cultural &amp; Features of Arawaks (Bahamas)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>(a) They preferred negotiations to conflict.<br \/>\n(b)\u00a0 They were very generous host.<br \/>\n(c) The art of weaving was highly developed \u2013 the hammock was one of their specialties.<\/p>\n<p><strong>** <\/strong>People called the <strong>Tupinamba <\/strong>lived on the east coast of South America, and in villages in the forests (the name \u2018<strong>Brazil<\/strong>\u2019 is derived from the brazilwood tree).<\/p>\n<p><strong>Political Features of Arawaks (Bahamas)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>(a) They were governed by oligarchy as they were organised under clan elders.<br \/>\n(b)\u00a0 They had no army.<br \/>\n(c) There existed no religious institution.<\/p>\n<p><strong>THE AZTECS (of Mexico)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>In the twelfth century, the Aztecs had migrated from the north into the central valley of Mexico (named after their god <em>Mexitli<\/em>).<\/p>\n<p><strong>Social life of Aztecs<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>(a) They had hierarchical society.<br \/>\n(b) Nobility was dominant as the nobles chose from among them a supreme leader who ruled until his death.<br \/>\n(c) The king was regarded as the representative of the sun on earth.<br \/>\n(d) Warriors, priests and nobles were the most respected groups, but traders also enjoyed many privileges and often served the government as ambassadors and spies.<br \/>\n(e) They engaged in war.<br \/>\n(f)\u00a0Aztec women were given special status in the society.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0Economic Activities of Aztecs<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>(a) The Aztecs undertook reclamations. They made <em>chinampas<\/em>, artificial islands, in Lake Mexico.<br \/>\n(b) They made canals between fertile lands.<br \/>\n(c) They cultivated food products like &#8211; Corns, beans, pumpkin, potatoes, etc.<br \/>\n(d) They had agrarian economy.\u00a0Land was owned not by individuals but by clans.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Cultural Activities of Aztecs\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>(a) They gave special attention the schooling of their children.<br \/>\n(b) Children of the nobility attended the <em>calmecac <\/em>and were trained to become military and religious leaders.<br \/>\n(c) Others went to the <em>tepochcalli <\/em>in their neighbourhood, which was the center of learning.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0Political Activity of Aztecs\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>(a) In 1325 the capital city <strong>Tenochtitlan <\/strong>was built.<br \/>\n(b) The king was their sole leader.<br \/>\n(c) The made\u00a0conquests and reclaimed\u00a0territories as\u00a0land was limited.<br \/>\n(d) They conquered people.<br \/>\n(e) In the early sixteenth century, the Aztec empire was showing signs of strain due to\u00a0discontent among recently conquered peoples.<\/p>\n<p><strong>THE MAYAS (of Central America)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The Mayan culture of Mexico developed remarkably between the eleventh and fourteenth centuries, but in the sixteenth century they had less political power than the Aztecs. The important Mayan civilisation were Mexico, Honduras, EI-Slavador and Guatemala.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Social life of Mayas\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>(a) Their religious ceremonies were based on agriculture.<br \/>\n(b) Their social relation was based on agrarian system.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Economic Activities of Mayas\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>(a) They were engaged in corn cultivation.<br \/>\n(b) Efficient agricultural production generated surplus, which helped the ruling classes, priests and chiefs to invest in architecture and in the development of astronomy and mathematics<br \/>\n(c) This surplus helped ruling classes priests and chiefs to invest in architecture and in the development of astronomy and mathematics.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Cultural Activities of Mayas<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>(a) Made significant development of architecture.<br \/>\n(b) They progressed of astronomy and mathematics.<br \/>\n(c) They devised a pictographic form of writing.<br \/>\n(d) They made Maya Calendar<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0Political Activity of Mayas<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>(a) They had less political power.<br \/>\n(b) Their ruling class was strong.<\/p>\n<p>The <strong>Incas <\/strong>were also known as the <strong>Quechuas<\/strong>. The capital city \u2013 <strong>Cuzco <\/strong>was established by the first Inca emperor,<strong> Manco Capac\u00a0<\/strong>in the twelfth century. They spoke Quechan language. The Aztecs and the Incas shared some common feature, e.g, hierarchical societies with no private ownership of resources,\u00a0and were very different from European culture.<\/p>\n<p><strong>VOYAGES AND EXPLORATION (by Europeans)<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The voyages of discovery were pioneered by explorers from Spain and Portugal.<\/li>\n<li>The magnetic compass was used by Europeans for the voyages.<\/li>\n<li>The printed version of Ptolemy\u2019s Geography was available in 1477.<\/li>\n<li>The Vikings of Norway had reached North America in the eleventh century.<\/li>\n<li>Portugal gained independence from Spain in 1139.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Christopher Columbus<\/strong> had reached South America. He also reached the Guanahani Island in the Bahamas in 1492. The two continents were named after <strong>Amerigo Vespucci<\/strong>, a geographer from Florence.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Francisco Pizarro<\/strong> captured the Inca emperor from the ruler, Atahualpa in 1532.<\/li>\n<li>Brazil was occupied by the Portuguese under command of<strong> Pedro Alvares Cabral<\/strong>. They exploited Brazilwood. In 1601, King Philip II of Spain publicly banned forced labour.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Conquest, Colonies and the Slave-Trade <\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The uncertain voyages had a lasting consequences for Europe, the Americas and Africa. From the fifteenth century, European maritime projects produced knowledge of continuous sea passages from ocean to ocean. Before this, most of these passages had been unknown to Europeans.\u00a0In the late fifteenth and early sixteenth centuries, all these feats were accomplished.<\/li>\n<li>For Europe, the \u2018discovery\u2019 of the Americas had consequences for others besides the initial voyagers. Europe became familiar with new crops from America, notably potatoes and chillies. These were then taken by Europeans to other countries like India.<\/li>\n<li>For the native people of the Americas, the immediate consequences were the physical decimation of local populations, the destruction of their way of life and their enslavement in mines, plantations and mills.<\/li>\n<li>The sudden destruction of the two major civilisations \u2013 those of the Aztecs and the Incas \u2013 in America highlights the contrasts between the two cultures in combat. Both with the Aztecs and the Incas, the nature of warfare played a crucial role in terrorizing local inhabitants psychologically and physically.<\/li>\n<li>The enslavement of the population was a sharp reminder of the brutality of the encounter. Slavery was not a new idea, but the South American experience was new in that it accompanied the emerging capitalist system of production. Working conditions were horrific, but the Spanish regarded the exploitation as essential to their economic gain.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Conclusion<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>In the early nineteenth century, European settlers in the South American colonies were to rebel against Spain and Portugal and become independent countries, just as in 1776 the thirteen North American colonies rebelled against Britain and formed the United States of America.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Latin America:\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong>South America today is also called \u2018<strong>Latin America<\/strong>\u2019. This is because Spanish and Portuguese, two of the main languages of the continent, are part of the Latin family of languages. The inhabitants are mostly native European (called Creole), European, and African by origin. Most of them are Catholics. Their culture has many elements of native traditions mixed with European ones.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Timeline: <\/strong>Refer to page no. 177<br \/>\n<strong>Keywords:<\/strong>\u00a0Maya,\u00a0Bahama,\u00a0Arawak,\u00a0Aztec, Inca, Columbus,\u00a0Pizarro<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Confrontation_of_Cultures_class_11_Notes\"><\/span>Confrontation of Cultures class 11 Notes<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>CBSE Revision notes (PDF Download) Free<\/li>\n<li>CBSE Revision notes for Class 11 History PDF<\/li>\n<li>CBSE Revision notes Class 11 History \u2013 CBSE<\/li>\n<li>CBSE Revisions notes and Key Points Class 11 History<\/li>\n<li>Summary of the NCERT books all chapters in History class 11<\/li>\n<li>Short notes for CBSE class 11th History<\/li>\n<li>Key notes and chapter summary of History class 11<\/li>\n<li>Quick revision notes for CBSE exams<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"CBSE_Class-11_Revision_Notes_and_Key_Points\"><\/span><strong>CBSE Class-11 Revision Notes and Key Points<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Confrontation of Cultures class 11 Notes History. CBSE quick revision note for class-11 Mathematics, Physics, Chemistry, Biology and other subject are very helpful to revise the whole syllabus during exam days. The revision notes covers all important formulas and concepts given in the chapter. Even if you wish to have an overview of a chapter, quick revision notes are here to do if for you. These notes will certainly save your time during stressful exam days.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/downloads\/cbse-class-11-physics\/1340\/cbse-revision-notes\/7\/\">Revision Notes for class-11 Physics<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/downloads\/cbse-class-11-chemistry\/1356\/cbse-revision-notes\/7\/\">Revision Notes for class-11 Chemistry<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/downloads\/cbse-class-11-mathematics\/1371\/cbse-revision-notes\/7\/\">Revision Notes for class-11 Mathematics<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/downloads\/cbse-class-11-biology\/1388\/cbse-revision-notes\/7\/\">Revision Notes for class-11 Biology<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/downloads\/cbse-class-11-accountancy\/1411\/cbse-revision-notes\/7\/\">Revision Notes for class-11 Accountancy<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/downloads\/cbse-class-11-economics\/1423\/cbse-revision-notes\/7\/\">Revision Notes for class-11 Economics<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/downloads\/cbse-class-11-business-studies\/1740\/cbse-revision-notes\/7\/\">Revision Notes for class-11 Business Studies<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/downloads\/cbse-class-11-computer-science\/1852\/cbse-revision-notes\/7\/\">Revision Notes for class-11 Computer Science<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/downloads\/cbse-class-11-informatics-practices\/1874\/cbse-revision-notes\/7\/\">Revision Notes for class-11 Informatics Practices<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/downloads\/cbse-class-11-geography\/1864\/cbse-revision-notes\/7\/\">Revision Notes for class-11 Geography<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>To download Confrontation of Cultures class 11 Notes, sample paper for class 11 Chemistry, Physics, Biology, History, Political Science, Economics, Geography, Computer Science, Home Science, Accountancy, Business Studies and Home Science; do check myCBSEguide app or website. myCBSEguide provides sample papers with solution, test papers for chapter-wise practice, NCERT solutions, NCERT Exemplar solutions, quick revision notes for ready reference, CBSE guess papers and CBSE important question papers. Sample Paper all are made available through\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/play.google.com\/store\/apps\/details?id=in.techchefs.MyCBSEGuide&amp;referrer=utm_source%3Dmycbse_bottom%26utm_medium%3Dtext%26utm_campaign%3Dmycbseads\"><strong>the best app for CBSE students<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0and myCBSEguide website.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/beginning-time-class-11-notes-history\/\">From the Beginning of Time class 11 Notes History<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/empire-across-three-continents-class-11-notes-history\/\">An Empire Across Three Continents class 11 Notes History<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/nomadic-empires-class-11-notes-history\/\">Nomadic Empires class 11 Notes History<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/confrontation-cultures-class-11-notes-history\/\">Confrontation of Cultures class 11 Notes History<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/displacing-indigenous-people-class-11-notes-history\/\">Displacing Indigenous People class 11 Notes History<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/paths-modernization-class-11-notes-history\/\">Paths to Modernization class 11 Notes History<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/writing-city-life-class-11-notes-history-2\/\">Writing and city life class 11 Notes History<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mycbseguide.com\/blog\/industrial-revolution-class-11-notes-history\/\">Industrial Revolution class 11 Notes History<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>CBSE History Chapter 8 Confrontation of Cultures class 11 Notes History in PDF are available for free download in myCBSEguide mobile app. The best app for CBSE students now provides Confrontation of Cultures class 11 Notes History latest chapter wise notes for quick preparation of CBSE exams and school based annual examinations. 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