CBSE Class 12 Physics Electromagnetic Waves Important Questions

CBSE Class 12 Physics Electromagnetic Waves Important Questions. We know Physics is tough subject within the consortium of science subjects physics is an important subject. But if you want to make career in these fields like IT Consultant, Lab Technician, Laser Engineer, Optical Engineer etc. You need to have strong fundamentals in physics to crack the exam. myCBSEguide has just released Chapter Wise Question Answers for class 12 Physics. There chapter wise Extra Questions with complete solutions are available for download in myCBSEguide website and mobile app. These Questions with solution are prepared by our team of expert teachers who are teaching grade in CBSE schools for years. There are around 4-5 set of solved Physics Extra Questions from each and every chapter. The students will not miss any concept in these Chapter wise question that are specially designed to tackle Board Exam. We have taken care of every single concept given in CBSE Class 12 Physics syllabus and questions are framed as per the latest marking scheme and blue print issued by CBSE for class 12.

Chapter 8 Class 12 Physics Practice Questions

Class – 12 Physics (Electromagnetic Waves)

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1. Radio station WCCO in Minneapolis broadcasts at a frequency of 830 kHz. Wavelength and angular wave number are

   1. 361 m, 0.0174 /m
   2. 381 m, 0.0174 rad/m
   3. 391 m, 0.0174 rad/m
   4. 371 m, 0.0174 rad/m

2. The direction of propagation of an electromagnetic plane wave is

   1. parallel to both electric field vector and the magnetic field vector
   2. only perpendicular to electric field vector
   3. perpendicular to both electric field vector and the magnetic field vector
   4. only perpendicular to magnetic field vector

3. An electromagnetic wave with frequency 5.70{tex} \times {\rm{ 1}}{0^{{\rm{14}}}}{/tex} propagates with a speed of 2.17{tex} \times {\rm{ 1}}{0^{\rm{8}}}{/tex} in a certain piece of glass. Find
   (a) the wavelength of the wave in the glass;
   (b) the wavelength of a wave of the same frequency propagating in air.

   1. (a) 0.401 {tex}\mu {\rm{m}}{/tex}
      (b) 0.546 {tex}\mu {\rm{m}}{/tex}
   2. (a) 0.391 {tex}\mu {\rm{m}}{/tex}
      (b) 0.536 {tex}\mu {\rm{m}}{/tex}
   3. (a) 0.381 {tex}\mu {\rm{m}}{/tex}
      (b) 0.526 {tex}\mu {\rm{m}}{/tex}
   4. (a) 0.411 {tex}\mu {\rm{m}}{/tex}
      (b) 0.556 {tex}\mu {\rm{m}}{/tex}

4. Comparing X-rays and Gamma rays

   1. Gamma rays have more energy than X-rays
   2. Gamma rays have larger wavelength than X-rays
   3. Gamma rays have more speed than X-rays
   4. Gamma rays are less penetrating than X-rays

5. The speed of plane electromagnetic waves is maximum in

   1. glass
   2. vacuum
   3. tourmaline
   4. water

6. If the earth did not have an atmosphere, would its average surface temperature be higher or lower than what it is now?

7. Which of the following has the shortest wavelength? Microwaves, ultraviolet rays, X-rays.

8. Name the electromagnetic waves used for studying crystal structure of solids. What is its frequency range?

9. Special devices like the klystron value or the magnetron value, are used for production of electromagnetic waves. Name these waves and also write one of their applications.

10. Identify the different types of electromagnetic radiations, which are used (i) to kill germs, (ii) for physical therapy

11. Welders wear special goggles or face masks with glass windows to protect their eyes from electromagnetic radiation. Name the radiations and write the range of their frequency.

12. Name the electromagnetic waves used for the following and arrange them in increasing order of their penetrating power.

    1. Water purification
    2. Rewrite sensing
    3. Treatment of cancer

13. What is intensity of electromagnetic wave? Give its relation in terms of electric field E and magnetic field B.

14. Answer the following questions.

    1. Name the waves which are produced during radioactive decay of a nucleus. Write their frequency range.
    2. Welders wear special glass goggles while working. Why? Explain.
    3. Why are infrared waves often called as heat waves? Give their one application

15. An electromagnetic wave travels in vacuum along z-direction.

    1. What can you say about the directions of its electric and magnetic field vectors?
    2. If the frequency of the wave is 30 MHz, what is its wavelength?

Class – 12 Physics (Electromagnetic Waves)
Answers

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1. 1. 361 m, 0.0174 /m
      Explanation: {tex}\lambda={c\over \nu}={3\times 10^8\over 830\times 10^3}=361m{/tex}
      Angular wave number, {tex}k={2\pi\over \lambda}={2\pi\over 361}=0.0174/m{/tex}
   3. perpendicular to both electric field vector and the magnetic field vector
      Explanation: Direction of propagation of em wave is given by Pointing vector which is given by {tex}\overrightarrow E\times \overrightarrow B{/tex}. Hence, it is perpendicular to both the field vectors.
   3. 1. 0.381 {tex}\mu {\rm{m}}{/tex}
      2. 0.526 {tex}\mu {\rm{m}}{/tex}

      Explanation: {tex}\lambda_{glass}={v_{glass}\over \nu}={2.17\times 10^8\over 5.7\times 10^{14}}=0.381\mu m{/tex}
      {tex}\lambda={c\over \nu}={3\times 10^8\over 5.7\times 10^{14}}=0.526\mu m{/tex}

   1. Gamma rays have more energy than X-rays
      Explanation: Since frequency (v) of gamma rays is more than that of x-rays and energy = hv, where h is planck’s constant.
   2. vacuum
      Explanation: {tex}v= {1\over \sqrt{\mu_o\ \mu_r\epsilon_o\epsilon_r}}={c\over \sqrt{\epsilon_r\mu_r}}{/tex}
      since {tex}\epsilon_r\mu_r>1{/tex}, c (speed of light in vacuum) > v (speed of light in any other medium)
      Hence it is maximum in vacuum.
2. The temperature of the earth would be lower because the green house effect of the atmosphere would be absent.
3. X-ray has shortest wavelength. Since energy of X-ray has maximum frequency and wavelength is inversely proportional to the frequency.
4. X-rays are used to study the crystal structure of solids and the process to do so is named XRD i.e. X-Ray powder Diffraction.
   Frequency range of X-rays is 10¹⁶Hz to 10²¹ Hz.
5. Klystron valve or magnetron value are used for production of micro waves. Microwaves are used in Microwave Ovens.
   1. {tex}\gamma{/tex} -rays(kills bacteria by breaking bacterial DNA) or UV rays(in water purifier)
   2. Infrared waves
6. Welders wear special goggles or face mask with glass windows to protect their eyes from impact, dust and radiation hazards as ultraviolet rays (UV rays).The frequency range of UV rays is 8×10¹⁴ Hz to 3×10¹⁶ Hz.
7. Following are the electromagnetic waves used for;
   1. Water purification – Ultra violet waves
   2. Rewrite sensing – Micro waves
   3. Treatment of cancer – Gamma rays

   In increasing order of penetration of given waves can be written as, (b) remote sensing < (a) water purification < (c) treatment of cancer.

8. Intensity of electromagnetic wave is defined as the energy crossing per second per unit area perpendicular to the direction of propagation of electromagnetic waves.
   The intensity of electromagnetic wave at a point is;
   {tex}I = {U_{av}}c{/tex}
   where {tex}{U_{_{av}}} = \frac{1}{2}{\varepsilon _0}E_0^2 = \frac{1}{2}\frac{{B_0^2}}{{{\mu _0}}}{/tex}
   and c is the velocity of electromagnetic wave,
   {tex}\therefore I = \frac{1}{2}{\varepsilon _0}E_0^2\,c = \frac{1}{2}\frac{{B_0^2}}{{{\mu _0}}}c{/tex}
   Here E₀ and B₀ are maximum values of electric field and magnetic field respectively.
   1. {tex}\gamma{/tex}-rays are produced during radioactive decay of a nucleus. Its frequency range is from 3×10¹⁸ Hz to 5×10²² Hz.
   2. Welders wear special glass goggles while working to protect their eyes from radiation hazards of ultraviolet rays(UV rays). The range of UV rays is 10¹⁵ Hz to 10¹⁷ Hz. Because the radiation hazards are harmful to human eyes.
   3. Infrared waves are called heat waves because they cause the atoms and molecules to vibrate when they encounter a substance. This increases the velocity and hence internal energy of atoms and molecules. Thereby, increasing the temperature of the substance(As, heat produced in matter is directly proportional to the internal energy of atoms and molecules). They are used in physical therapy and weather forecasting.
9. {tex}\overrightarrow E {/tex} and {tex}\overrightarrow B {/tex}lie in x-y plane and are mutually perpendicular,
   Since;
   {tex}C = \nu \lambda {/tex}
   {tex}\lambda = \frac{c}{\nu } = \frac{{3 \times {{10}^8}}}{{30 \times {{10}^6}}} = 10m{/tex}
   Wavelength of the wave is 10m